美国宇航局SPRINT运动计划在70天的模拟微重力条件下对巨大的横向肌肉和骨肌肉健康的有效性
Todd A Trappe1, Kiril Minchev1, Ryan K Perkins1
1Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|February 8, 2024
概括
美国宇航局的SPRINT运动计划在模拟的微重力条件下保护了四头肌,但仅部分保护了三头肌. 长期太空飞行需要精细化,以充分保持肌肉健康.
科学领域:
- 空间生理学 空间生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 骨肌肉生物学 骨肌肉生物学
背景情况:
- 在太空飞行期间暴露于微重力会导致骨肌肉缩和功能丧失.
- 有效的对策对于在长期任务中保持宇航员健康至关重要.
- 美国宇航局的SPRINT计划是对太空飞行诱导的肌肉脱节的潜在运动对策.
研究的目的:
- 调查NASA SPRINT运动对策计划对四头肌 (vastus lateralis) 和三头肌 (soleus) 骨肌肉健康的有效性.
- 为了比较单独休息的效果,休息与运动,休息与运动以及丸激素对肌肉健康的影响.
- 评估模拟微重力和运动干预措施对肌肉纤维大小,收缩性质和代谢酶的影响.
主要方法:
- 70天的头向下倾斜卧床研究与三个组:卧床 (BR),卧床与抵抗和有氧运动 (BRE),和卧床与运动和丸激素 (BRE + T).
- 在床上休息期间定期测试肌肉和有氧功率.
- 分析肌肉纤维特征,肌肉蛋白重链分布和关键代谢酶.
主要成果:
- 在BR组中,vastus lateralis肌纤维大小和功率的减弱或消除,这表明定期测试具有保护作用.
- BRE组维持或增加了大侧肌和大底肌的收缩性能,运动抵消了显著的肌肉质量损失.
- 与单独运动相比,补充剂 (BRE + T) 没有提供额外的益处,并且对肌细胞参数产生了一些有害影响.
结论:
- 美国宇航局的SPRINT运动计划有效地保护四肢肌肉的健康,但在长期太空飞行中需要改进才能完全保护三肢肌肉.
- 定期测试可以作为部分对策,特别是对于四头肌,即使是低剂量的运动剂量.
- 需要进一步的研究来制定针对性策略,以确保宇航员的完整肌肉健康维护.
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