[癌症:法国大都会地区的发病率和生存率]
Camille De Brauer1, Philippe-Jean Bousquet1, Lionel Lafay1
1Direction de l'observation des sciences des données et de l'évaluation, Institut national du cancer, Boulogne- Billancourt, France.
La Revue du praticien
|February 8, 2024
概括
癌症发病率在男性中稳定,但在女性中上升,在法国大都会的癌症类型中生存率存在显著差异. 总体而言,生存率有所改善,但胰腺癌,肝癌和肺癌的预后仍然很差.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 癌症发病率和生存率对于有效的癌症监测和为公共卫生政策提供信息至关重要.
- 了解癌症发生和结果的趋势对于指导癌症控制策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为法国大都会提供最新的癌症发病率 (2023) 和存活率 (2018) 数据.
- 分析自1990年以来癌症发病率和生存率的演变.
- 为了突出不同类型癌症生存率的差异.
主要方法:
- 对大都会法国国家癌症登记数据的分析.
- 计算2023年年龄标准化发病率.
- 2018年5年标准化净生存率 (SNS) 的估计和1990年以来的趋势分析.
主要成果:
- 在2023年,大都会法国估计有433,136例新的癌症病例被诊断出,乳腺癌,前列腺癌和肺癌是最常见的.
- 虽然男性的癌症总发病率在33年内保持稳定,但女性的癌症发病率每年增加近1%.
- 五年标准化净生存率 (SNS) 根据癌症部位显示出显著的变化,并且在女性中通常更高. 甲状腺癌的SNS率最高 (96%),胰腺癌的SNS率最低 (11%).
结论:
- 癌症发病率趋势在性别之间存在差异,需要量身定制的公共卫生干预措施.
- 自1990年以来,许多癌症的生存率有显著的进展,但差异仍然存在.
- 持续的监测和研究对于改善癌症结果和减少健康不平等至关重要.
相关概念视频
Cancer Survival Analysis
346
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
346
Cancer Prevention
6.2K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
6.2K
Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups
186
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
186
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
366
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
366
Actuarial Approach
78
The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
78
Prevalence and Incidence
517
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
517


