6岁执行职能在5岁行为抑制和7岁焦虑之间的关联中的作用
Émilie Dumont1,2, Sophie Parent1,2, Natalie Castellanos-Ryan1,2
1School of Psychoeducation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Research on child and adolescent psychopathology
|February 8, 2024
概括
执行功能 (EF),如认知灵活性和工作记忆,可以保护儿童免受焦虑. 这些技能可以缓解早期的行为抑制和以后的焦虑症状之间的联系,但不能调解它.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 在焦虑的发展和持久性方面至关重要.
- 在早期行为抑制 (BI) 和以后的焦虑之间的联系中,EF (调节者与调解者) 的确切作用仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查6岁时的认知灵活性和工作记忆是否适度或调解5岁时的BI和7岁时的焦虑症状之间的关系.
- 测试两个不同的模型:调节和调解.
主要方法:
- 来自北克儿童发展纵向研究的422名儿童的纵向研究.
- 层次的多重回归分析来测试调节模型.
- 系数的产物测试以评估调解模型.
主要成果:
- 5岁时更高的BI预测了7岁时焦虑的增加,但只有当6岁时认知灵活性或工作记忆低的时候.
- 6岁时高水平的认知灵活性或工作记忆似乎充当了对焦虑的保护因素.
- 无论是认知灵活性还是工作记忆都没有调解BI和焦虑之间的关联.
结论:
- 认知灵活性和工作记忆功能作为调节者,而不是调解者,在从早期BI到后期焦虑的途径上.
- 目标驱动的认知控制过程可能缓冲早期BI对焦虑发展的影响,促进适应性功能.
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