贝格尔海峡的多种群众死亡率与性贝类毒素有关
A M Cadaillon1, B Mattera2, A Albizzi3
1Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bernardo Houssay 200, Ushuaia, Argentina; Instituto de Desarrollo Económico e Innovación (IDEI), Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur (UNTDF), Yrigoyen 879, Ushuaia 9410, Argentina.
Harmful algae
|February 8, 2024
概括
在比格尔海峡的一次严重的有毒藻类繁殖导致了广泛的海洋和陆地动物死亡. 性贝类毒素 (PST) 在多个热带层被检测到,突出显示了食物网污染风险.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
- 有害的藻类开花 有害的藻类开花
背景情况:
- 比格尔海峡是一个南极半河口环境,自1886年以来一直有有害藻类繁殖 (HABs) 的历史.
- 有毒的藻类,特别是亚历山大藻类,对公众健康和生态系统服务构成重大风险,影响水产养殖和渔业.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查在2022年南方夏季期间在比格尔海峡的强烈亚历山大花的开花情况.
- 评估性贝类毒素 (PST) 在各种热带层污染的程度及其对海洋和陆地动物的影响.
- 了解亚南极食物网中毒素的传播和转化.
主要方法:
- 监测亚历山大菌花的开花强度和贝毒性.
- 使用高性能液态染色学 (HPLC) 来分析已死亡海洋和陆地动物的胃内含量和肝脏样本中的PST水平.
- 在植物浮游生物,动物浮游生物,无脊椎动物,鱼类和海鸟中进行毒素分析,以追踪毒素转移.
主要成果:
- 2022年的开花导致了比格尔海峡记录的第二个最有毒的事件,贝的毒性达到197.266微克STXeq公斤-1.1.
- 海洋生物和陆地动物 (江红狐,南方卡拉卡拉) 的同步死亡与高PST水平有关.
- 在各种物种中检测到PST,包括海鸟 (高达3427微克STXeq千克-1),龙 (26,663微克STXeq千克-1),以及陆地动物 (高达2707微克STXeq千克-1),这表明食物网的污染和杂食.
- 在一个浅的假杀手中发现了微量PST水平.
结论:
- 2022年的事件是比格尔海峡的一个特殊的多物种毒性死亡事件.
- 通过食物网传播的PST,影响了各种海洋和陆地物种.
- 清理受污染的猎物,如有毒的鱼,可能导致陆地动物中毒.
- 该研究强调了亚南极生态系统对HAB和相关毒素转移的脆弱性.
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