饮食的健康环境效率显示了1990-2011年的非线性趋势
Pan He1,2, Zhu Liu3,4, Giovanni Baiocchi5
1School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. hepannju@gmail.com.
Nature food
|February 9, 2024
概括
这项研究引入了一种健康环境效率指标,用于评估饮食.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 可持续的粮食系统 可持续的粮食系统
背景情况:
- 了解饮食,人类健康和环境可持续性之间的复杂相互作用对于指导全球粮食系统转型至关重要.
- 现有的评估经常单独评估健康和环境影响,缺乏统一的效率指标.
- 社会经济发展显著影响饮食模式及其相关的健康和环境后果.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一种新的健康环境效率指标来评估国家饮食.
- 分析195个国家的饮食质量,环境影响和社会人口发展之间的关系.
- 确定不同发展阶段如何影响食品系统在支持健康的效率,同时尽量减少环境负担.
主要方法:
- 提出了一个健康-环境效率指标,定义为健康效益与关键环境影响 (温室气体排放,取水,酸化和环保排放) 的比率.
- 分析了1990年至2011年间来自195个国家的数据.
- 检查了沿社会人口指数 (SDI) 梯度的指标趋势,以代表不同水平的发展.
主要成果:
- 健康环境效率与社会人口指数呈现出非线性关系.
- 效率最初会随着低收入国家营养不良减少而提高,这是由于粮食供应增加所推动的.
- 在中等收入国家,由于转向动物产品的环境影响增加,效率下降,然后在一些采用更健康饮食的高收入国家慢慢恢复.
结论:
- 饮食变化对不同发展轨迹的健康和环境可持续性都有深远而多样化的影响.
- 拟议的健康环境效率指标为监测和指导可持续食品系统政策提供了有价值的工具.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施,使健康改善与全球粮食系统不断恶化的环境退化脱而出.
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