较慢的静脉注射特拉马多尔可以预防恶心和吐,并预测术后恶心和吐:一项随机对照试验
Wanxia Gan1, Xiaozhu Zheng2, Yuanjing Chen1
1Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University.
Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)
|February 9, 2024
概括
与1分钟相比,3分钟内慢慢静脉注射特拉马多尔 (1.5毫克/公斤),显著减少了手术前的恶心和吐. 这一发现对于在接受特拉马多尔止痛药的患者中控制术后恶心和吐风险至关重要.
科学领域:
- 麻醉学 麻醉学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 临床疼痛管理 临床疼痛管理
背景情况:
- 恶心和吐是与特拉马多尔止痛药相关的常见并发症.
- 静脉注射特拉马多尔是治疗疼痛的常见做法.
- 了解特拉马多尔诱导的恶心和吐的危险因素对于患者的安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估与不同静脉注射特拉马多尔剂量相关的恶心和吐风险.
- 确定术前恶心和吐以及术后结果之间的关系.
- 确定静脉注射特拉马多尔的最佳管理方案,以最大限度地减少副作用.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及315名接受选择性手术的患者的研究,他们接受了预止痛.
- 根据恶心和吐的Apfel得分,患者被分为高风险,中风险和低风险组.
- 静脉注射的特拉马多尔 (1.5 mg/kg) 在麻醉诱导前1,2或3分钟内给予,在10分钟内观察到手术前的恶心和吐.
主要成果:
- 在低风险组中,较慢的服药 (3分钟) 与快速服药 (1分钟) 相比,导致术后恶心和吐得分显著降低.
- 术前恶心和吐在特拉马多尔剂后的发生率与术后恶心和吐有显著的联系.
- 在1分钟和3分钟服用后的术前恶心和吐被确定为术后恶心和吐的独立风险因素.
结论:
- 建议在3分钟内慢慢静脉注射特拉马多尔,以减少恶心和吐的发生率.
- 临床医生应考虑缓慢输注特拉马多尔,以改善患者的治疗结果,并尽量减少副作用.
- 这种做法被建议在临床疼痛管理中进行例行采用.
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