儿童和青少年避免/限制性食物摄入障碍的亚型:潜伏类分析
Javier Sanchez-Cerezo1,2, Josephine Neale1,3, Nikita Julius1
1Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
EClinicalMedicine
|February 9, 2024
概括
潜在类分析确定了儿童和青少年的四种避免/限制性食物摄入障碍 (ARFID) 亚型:恐惧,缺乏兴趣,感觉和组合亚型. 组合亚型是最常见的,表明不同的临床表现.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 饮食障碍 饮食障碍 饮食障碍 饮食障碍
- 心理评估 心理评估
背景情况:
- 精神疾病诊断和统计手册,第五版 (DSM-5) 概述了避免/限制性食物摄入障碍 (ARFID) 的三个主要亚型:感官敏感性,对食物缺乏兴趣,以及对厌恶后果的恐惧.
- 探索这些ARFID亚型的先前研究产生了不一致的结果.
- 隐性类分析 (LCA) 提供了一种经验方法,基于心理病理学来识别ARFID内部的不同子组.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用潜伏类分析在儿童群体中实证地识别避免/限制性食物摄入障碍 (ARFID) 的不同亚型.
- 为了比较已识别的ARFID亚型的特征,并调查类成员的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 从2021年3月到2022年3月,在英国和爱尔兰共和国进行了一项监测研究,涉及报告新诊断的ARFID病例 (5-18岁) 的儿科医生和精神科医生.
- 隐性类别分析 (LCA) 用于在ARFID样本中识别不同的类别,模型选择以信息标准 (BIC,AIC) 为指导.
- 差异分析 (ANOVA),奇二次 (χ2) 测试和多项逻辑回归 (MLR) 用于比较类特征并确定预测因素.
主要成果:
- 该研究确定了319名患有ARFID的儿童和青少年.
- 潜在类分析显示了四个不同的ARFID类:恐惧 (7.2%),缺乏兴趣 (25.1%),感官 (29.5%) 和组合 (38.2%).
- 类成员的预测因素包括诊断时的年龄,性别,体重减轻,与饮食有关的痛苦和自闭症谱系障碍诊断.
结论:
- 潜在类分析成功地在儿童和青少年中确定了四种不同的ARFID亚型,包括一个流行的组合亚型.
- 已识别的类与DSM-5描述的亚型大致一致,组合亚型代表混合呈现.
- 识别这些独特的ARFID表现对于定制有效的临床干预措施至关重要.
相关概念视频
Anorexia Nervosa
68
Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
68
Bulimia Nervosa
78
Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
78
Conduct Disorder
35
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
35
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
68
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
68
Social Anxiety Disorder
34
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
34
Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood
43.4K
Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others. While Attachment Theory was conceived in developmental psychology to describe infant-caregiver bonding, it's been extended into adulthood to include romantic relationships.
43.4K


