化物触发了高效的过氧硫酸盐激活,用于酸盐降解
Meng Zhu1, Jinglin Zhu2, Juanjuan Peng1
1School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China.
Environmental science and pollution research international
|February 9, 2024
概括
化物显著增强氧硫酸盐 (PMS) 激活中的酸盐降解,与或化物不同. 基是改善废水处理中的1-乙1,1-二酸 (HEDP) 清除的关键.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 水处理技术水处理技术
- 先进的氧化过程 先进的氧化过程
背景情况:
- 酸盐带来环境风险,需要有效的废水处理方法.
- 先进的氧化过程 (AOP) 是可行的酸盐降解,但同时存在的物质往往阻碍效率.
- 离子通过过氧硫酸盐 (PMS) 激活对酸盐降解的特定影响仍然在很大程度上未被研究.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用PMS激活来研究离子对1-基乙1,1-二酸 (HEDP) 降解的作用.
- 为了阐明主反应物种负责HEDP氧化在PMS/化物系统.
- 为了比较PMS/化物工艺的有效性与其他用于在真实水矩阵中去除HEDP的AOP.
主要方法:
- 使用化酸盐 (PMS) 激活与化离子来降解1-基乙1,1-二酸 (HEDP).
- 采用了电子磁共振 (EPR),激素火实验和化学探针来识别反应性物种.
- 评估了各种无机离子和酸对HEDP降解的影响,并比较了实际河流和污水中的性能.
主要成果:
- 化物离子显著增强了HEDP通过PMS的降解,在最佳条件下达到84.8%的去除 (pH7.0,30分钟).
- 基物种被确定为主要的氧化剂,自由,硫酸盐和基基起轻微作用.
- 在真实水样本中,PMS/化物工艺显示出与UV/超硫酸盐和UV/过氧化方法相比,HEDP降解效率更高.
结论:
- 化物离子在以PMS为基础的AOP中作为酸盐降解的关键增强剂.
- 基物种是PMS/化物系统中HEDP氧化的主要驱动因素.
- PMS/化工工艺为从废水中去除酸盐提供了一个有希望和有效的策略.
相关概念视频
α-Bromination of Carboxylic Acids: Hell–Volhard–Zelinski Reaction
3.0K
The method to achieve α-brominated carboxylic acids using a mixture of phosphorus tribromide and bromine is known as the Hell–Volhard–Zelinski reaction. The reaction is catalyzed by phosphorus tribromide, which can be used directly or produced in situ from red phosphorus and bromine. The mechanism comprises PBr3 catalyzed conversion of acid to acid bromide and hydrogen bromide. The acid bromide enolizes to its enol form in the presence of HBr. The nucleophilic enol attacks the...
3.0K
Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect
8.6K
In the presence of organic peroxides, the addition of hydrogen bromide to an alkene yields the isomer that is not predicted by Markovnikov’s rule. For example, the addition of hydrogen bromide to 2-methylpropene in the presence of peroxides gives 1-bromo-2-methylpropane. This addition reaction proceeds via a free radical mechanism, which reverses the regioselectivity. The free radical reaction mechanism involves three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination.
8.6K
Radical Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols
2.0K
Activated manganese(IV) oxide can selectively oxidize allylic and benzylic alcohols via a radical intermediate mechanism. Primary allylic alcohols are oxidized to aldehydes, while secondary allylic alcohols yield ketones. The redox reaction of potassium permanganate with an Mn(II) salt such as manganese sulfate (under either alkaline or acidic conditions), followed by thorough drying, yields the oxidizing agent: activated MnO2. While MnO2 is insoluble in the solvents used for the reaction, the...
2.0K
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides
4.8K
Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
4.8K
Radical Substitution: Allylic Bromination
5.1K
In organic synthesis, the formation of products can be altered by changing the reaction conditions. For example, a dibromo addition product is formed when propene is treated with bromine at room temperature. In contrast, propene undergoes allylic substitution in non-polar solvents at high temperatures to give 3-bromopropene. In order to avoid the addition reaction, the bromine concentration must be kept as low as possible throughout the reaction. This can be achieved using N-bromosuccinimide...
5.1K
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes
8.2K
In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
8.2K


