相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 18, 2026

10:11
Whole-Body Nanoparticle Aerosol Inhalation Exposures
Published on: May 7, 2013
15.8K
哈尔气溶对中国最新的清洁空气行动的反应
Yuan Cheng1, Ying-Jie Zhong1, Jiu-Meng Liu1
1State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
Journal of hazardous materials
|February 9, 2024
概括
哈尔是哈尔的一个城市.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 控制空气污染控制空气污染
背景情况:
- 包括哈尔在内的中国东北部城市面临着空气污染的挑战.
- 一个2021年国家政策,关于进一步促进污染预防和控制战斗的通告 (FP3CB通告),针对严重的空气污染事件.
- 了解气溶对这一政策的反应对于有效的空气质量管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查FP3CB通告对哈尔冬季气溶特性的影响.
- 在政策实施之前和之后,识别气溶来源和形成途径的变化.
- 评估政策在缓解空气污染事件方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 来自两个冬季运动 (2020-2021年和2021-2022年) 的观测数据的比较分析.
- 评估气溶成分,重点关注生物质燃烧和二次气溶形成.
- 评估气象条件及其对气溶动态的影响.
主要成果:
- 国内生物质燃烧的影响在2021-2022年冬季显著下降,这可能是由于清洁供暖举措.
- 二次有机气溶的形成减少,而酸盐的产生增加,与较低的湿度和较高的温度有关.
- 有机物种对冬季气溶的贡献有所减少,但严重污染日数增加 (2021-2022年为5天,2020-2021年为3天).
结论:
- FP3CB公告启动了积极的变化,特别是减少了生物质燃烧.
- 为了实现该政策严格的空气质量目标,需要进一步减少初级颗粒物和气体前体排放.
- 考虑到气象影响的适应性策略对于持续控制空气污染至关重要.
更多相关视频
05:45Composition and Distribution Analysis of Bioaerosols Under Different Environmental Conditions
Published on: January 7, 2019
10.7K
09:29An Air-liquid Interface Bronchial Epithelial Model for Realistic, Repeated Inhalation Exposure to Airborne Particles for Toxicity Testing
Published on: May 13, 2020
11.5K
相关概念视频
Hess's Law
There are two ways to determine the amount of heat involved in a chemical change: measure it experimentally, or calculate it from other experimentally determined enthalpy changes. Some reactions are difficult, if not impossible, to investigate and make accurate measurements for experimentally. And even when a reaction is not hard to perform or measure, it is convenient to be able to determine the heat involved in a reaction without having to perform an experiment.
Half-life of a Reaction
The half-life of a reaction (t1/2) is the time required for one-half of a given amount of reactant to be consumed. In each succeeding half-life, half of the remaining concentration of the reactant is consumed. For example, during the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, during the first half-life (from 0.00 hours to 6.00 hours), the concentration of H2O2 decreases from 1.000 M to 0.500 M. During the second half-life (from 6.00 hours to 12.00 hours), the concentration decreases from 0.500 M to...
Free Energy Changes for Nonstandard States
The free energy change for a process taking place with reactants and products present under nonstandard conditions (pressures other than 1 bar; concentrations other than 1 M) is related to the standard free energy change according to this equation:
The Response of Equilibria to the Conditions
Named after the French chemist Henry Louis Le Chatelier, Le Chatelier's principle states that when a system at equilibrium is subjected to any change (like pressure, temperature, or concentration), the composition of the system adjusts in a way that counteracts the effect of this change, thereby attempting to restore the equilibrium.According to Le Chatelier's principle, for exothermic reactions, when the system's temperature is increased, the system will try to reduce the temperature. This...