生产的全球化,制造业就业,以及发展中国家的收入不平等
1Department of Sociology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA.
Social science research
|February 9, 2024
概括
全球化改变了制造业就业对发展中国家收入不平等的影响. 全球价值链 (GVC) 通过增加工资差距和技能溢价,削弱了该行业降低不平等的能力.
科学领域:
- 政治经济学就是政治经济学.
- 发展经济学 发展经济学
- 发展社会学发展的社会学.
背景情况:
- 传统理论对发展中国家的工业化和收入不平等提出了截然不同的观点.
- 以前的研究还没有充分探讨全球生产网络如何影响制造业就业收入不平等关系.
- 现有关于全球化和全球南方不平等的研究显示出不一致的结果.
研究的目的:
- 研究生产的全球化,特别是通过全球价值链 (GVCs),如何影响发展中国家制造业就业和收入不平等之间的关系.
- 在全球经济一体化加剧的背景下,重新评估制造业增长对收入分配的影响.
- 分析GVC对发展中国家制造业工资结构和技能溢价的影响.
主要方法:
- 从1970年到2014年跨越发展中国家的跨国小组数据的分析.
- 应用政治经济框架来理解全球价值链 (GVC) 的影响.
- 对全球一体化,制造业就业份额和收入不平等指标之间的联系进行计量经济学研究.
主要成果:
- 全球化生产的兴起削弱了制造业的平等作用.
- 全球价值链 (GVC) 导致工资分配更广泛,制造业技能溢价增加.
- 全球一体化削弱了以前与制造业就业增长相关的均衡效应.
结论:
- 在GVC的影响下,制造业不再在发展中经济体中充当强大的均衡力量.
- 全球化和GVC参与改变了工业化的分配结果,可能阻碍了包容性发展.
- 这些发现需要在全球化生产网络的背景下重新考虑发展战略和政策.
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