通过细胞内糖化酶的调节外部亡途径
Kamil Seyrek1, Nikita V Ivanisenko1, Corinna König1
1Translational Inflammation Research, Medical Faculty, Center of Dynamic Systems (CDS), Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
Trends in cell biology
|February 9, 2024
概括
O-GlcNAcylation是一种动态蛋白质修饰,影响着亡. 这篇评论探讨了O-GlcNAcylation如何影响外部亡途径,为细胞死亡调节提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 翻译后修饰 (PTMs) 对蛋白质功能至关重要,但细胞质蛋白质在亡中的O-GlcNAcylation仍未得到充分研究.
- O-GlcNAcylation,即添加单个N-乙葡萄糖胺糖,是一种动态和可逆的PTM,与经典的糖化不同,更类似于化.
- 对于O-GlcNAcylation在调节细胞死亡途径中的确切作用的了解有限.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前关于O-GlcNAcylation在亡中的作用的知识.
- 阐明O-GlcNAcylation如何调节外部亡途径.
- 要突出O-GlcNAc转移酶 (OGT) 和细菌效应蛋白在这一过程中的参与.
主要方法:
- 文献综述专注于O-GlcNAcylation和细胞亡.
- 对研究外部亡途径的研究进行分析.
- 检查OGT和细菌蛋白在O-GlcNAcylation介导的细胞死亡中的作用.
主要成果:
- O-GlcNAcylation可以动态调节细胞质蛋白质,这些蛋白质参与了亡.
- 外在的亡途径是由O-GlcNAcylation显著调节的.
- OGT和某些细菌效应蛋白是调解这些效应的关键参与者.
结论:
- O-GlcNAcylation 是一个重要的,但经常被忽视的,细胞亡的调节器.
- 了解O-GlcNAcylation在细胞命运决定中的作用,对于破译细胞过程至关重要.
- 向O-GlcNAcylation通路可能为涉及异常亡的疾病提供新的治疗策略.
相关概念视频
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.4K
The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
6.4K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.5K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.5K
Apoptosis
11.5K
Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
11.5K
Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells
3.8K
Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes.
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
3.8K
Autophagic Cell Death
3.4K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
3.4K
Overview of Cell Death
7.3K
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
7.3K


