刺激性神经信号传递的结构基础
Valeria Kalienkova1,2, Mowgli Dandamudi3, Cristina Paulino4,5
1Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Nature structural & molecular biology
|February 10, 2024
概括
研究人员揭示了神经如何激活FMRFamide-gated通道1 (FaNaC1) 的结构基础,这是一种联结离子通道. 这项研究揭示了退行性/上皮性通道 (DEG/ENaCs) 中的联结部位和封闭机制.
科学领域:
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 分子生理学分子生理学
背景情况:
- 带离子通道,包括退行性/上皮性通道 (DEG/ENaC) 超级家族,介导神经元快速信号传递.
- 配体与DEG/ENaCs结合和激活的精确机制在很大程度上仍未被描述.
- DEG/ENaCs表现出多样化的关门刺激,包括神经,pH,机械力和酶活性.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明来自Malacoceros fuliginosus的FMRFamide-gated通道1 (FaNaC1) 中的神经接入活动的结构基础.
- 了解DEG/ENaC中与通道关相关的联结部位和构造变化.
主要方法:
- 使用冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 来确定FaNaC1.1的结构.
- 获得了无连接体静止状态和多重连接体结合状态的结构.
- 进行了补充性突变发生实验以验证发现.
主要成果:
- 这项研究揭示了FaNaC1.1上神经的特定联结部位.
- 冷-EM结构捕获了FaNaC1在连接体结合时的构造变化,阐明了关门机制.
- 突变性实验证实了观察到的结构变化的功能相关性.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了关于神经关DEG/ENaC激活的第一个结构性见解.
- 这些发现揭示了DEG/ENaC超级家族中通道门的一般原则.
- 为未来对DEG/ENaC药理学和离子导电的研究提供了一个结构模板.
相关概念视频
Synaptic Signaling
5.5K
Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
5.5K
Excitatory and Inhibitory Effects of Neurotransmitters
10.0K
When an action potential reaches the presynaptic axon terminal, it releases neurotransmitters from the neuron into the synaptic cleft at a chemical synapse. The released neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory. The critical criteria commonly used to determine whether a molecule is a neurotransmitter at a chemical synapse are the molecule's presence in the presynaptic neuron. Second, its release is in response to strong presynaptic depolarization. And lastly, the presence of...
10.0K
Postsynaptic Potential (PSP)
2.6K
Postsynaptic potential (PSP) refers to a change in the electrical potential of a neuron when neurotransmitters released by presynaptic neurons bind to postsynaptic receptors. This potential can either be excitatory, leading to depolarization and ultimately action potential generation, or inhibitory, leading to hyperpolarization and suppression of the postsynaptic neuron.
There are two types of receptors: ionotropic and metabotropic.
The ionotropic receptor is the membrane protein that has an...
There are two types of receptors: ionotropic and metabotropic.
The ionotropic receptor is the membrane protein that has an...
2.6K
The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation
3.2K
A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential....
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential....
3.2K
Chemical Synapses
8.8K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
8.8K
Parasympathetic Signaling
1.9K
Parasympathetic signaling plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes. It involves the release of acetylcholine (ACh) by parasympathetic neurons, which can have localized and short-lived effects. The majority of ACh released is rapidly inactivated at the synapse by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which hydrolyzes Ach into choline and acetate. Additionally, the tissue cholinesterase deactivates any ACh diffusing into the surrounding tissues.
The effects of...
The effects of...
1.9K


