慢性病进展的危险因素:在旧和新概念之间
Francesca Mallamaci1,2, Giovanni Tripepi2
1Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano, Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli (BMM), 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Journal of clinical medicine
|February 10, 2024
概括
慢性病 (CKD) 影响全球10%的人口,有8.5亿人受到影响. 本综述侧重于关键的危险因素,包括年龄,高血压,盐摄入量,肥胖和交感性过度活动.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 是一个重要的全球健康问题,影响了全球约10%的人口.
- 慢性瘤的患病率在全球范围内有所不同,低收入至中等收入国家负担不成比例 (85%).
- 据估计,全球约有8.5亿人患有各种阶段的CKD.
研究的目的:
- 审查和突出导致慢性病发展和进展的关键风险因素.
- 专注于慢性结核病的不可修改 (年龄) 和可修改 (高血压,盐摄入,肥胖,交感性过度活动) 风险因素.
- 简要概述CKD的流行病学意义和贡献因素.
主要方法:
- 这项研究是对慢性病现有文献的叙事性审查.
- 该审查综合了关于CKD流行病学和风险因素的信息.
- 特别关注的是年龄,动脉高血压,食盐摄入量,肥胖和交感性过度活跃性作为关键风险因素.
主要成果:
- 年龄被确定为CKD最重要的不可修改的风险因素.
- 慢性病的关键可改变的风险因素包括高血压,高食盐摄入量,肥胖和交感性过度活动.
- 污染等环境因素也正在成为CKD的贡献者.
结论:
- 了解和管理这些风险因素对于减轻CKD的全球负担至关重要.
- 针对高血压,饮食和体重等可修改因素,可以帮助预防或延迟CKD的进展.
- 进一步研究环境因素和同情性过度活动在CKD中的作用是有必要的.
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