使用条件过程分析模型来描述碳结构在Taxodium ascendens生物炭的演变Taxodium ascendens生物炭具有不同的热解温度和保持时间
Shuai Zhang1,2, Xiangdong Jia3, Xia Wang1,2
1College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 10, 2024
概括
热解温度显著影响生物炭结构,较高的温度促进了芳香化. 原料类型和保存时间也会影响生物炭的稳定性和芳香度,分支生物炭表现出优越的稳定性.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 通过热解产生生物炭受温度的影响,但保持时间和原料类型的作用需要进一步调查.
- 了解这些因素对于优化特定应用的生物炭特性至关重要,例如土壤修改或碳封存.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究热解温度,保持时间和原料类型 (树枝与叶子) 如何影响生物炭的结构和化学特性.
- 通过条件过程分析 (CPA) 阐明控制生物炭芳香化和稳定性的机制.
主要方法:
- 在不同温度 (350-750°C) 和持久时间 (0.5-2小时) 下,高升起的树枝和树叶的热解.
- 分析固定碳,灰含量,元素组成 (C,H,O,N) 和功能组,使用范克列伦图,FTIR,拉曼图和XPS.
- 应用条件过程分析 (CPA) 来建模保持时间和原料对生物炭芳香化的影响.
主要成果:
- 热解温度在450-750°C之间显著增加了生物炭的芳香化,这可以通过降低基于树枝的炭 (BC) 和基于树叶的炭 (LC) 的原子H/C和O/C比率来表明.
- 基于叶子的焦炭 (LC) 与基于树枝的焦炭 (BC) 相比,具有更高的和灰含量,这表明BC具有更好的稳定性.
- 在BC和LC中都观察到无形芳香结构的增加,CPA显示延长的持久时间增强了LC的芳香化,但略微减少了BC的芳香化.
结论:
- 热解温度是生物炭芳香化的主要驱动因素,但原料类型和保持时间是该过程的重要调节器.
- 在类似的热解条件下,分枝原料比叶子原料产生更稳定的生物炭.
- 温度,保存时间和原料类型之间的相互作用对生物炭的芳香结构和稳定性的发展产生了重大影响.
相关概念视频
Carbon Skeletons
Life on Earth is carbon-based, as all macromolecules that make up living organisms contain carbon atoms. All organic compounds have a carbon backbone. Each carbon atom is tetravalent and can bond with four other atoms, making it an extraordinarily flexible component of biological molecules. Because carbon’s valence electrons are stable, it rarely becomes an ion. As the carbon chain increases in length, structural modifications such as ring structures, double bonds, and branching side chains...
C4 Pathway and CAM
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
The Carbon Cycle
Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
Global Climate Change
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
The Calvin Benson Cycle
Ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) is a critical enzyme that catalyzes carbon dioxide assimilation during photosynthesis. However, it is an inefficient enzyme, having an extremely slow catalytic rate. A typical enzyme can process about a thousand molecules per second; however, RuBisCo fixes only around three-carbon dioxides per second. Photosynthetic cells compensate for this slow rate by synthesizing very high amounts of RuBisCo, making it the most abundant single...


