在胃癌中准PI3K/AKT/mTOR和MAPK信号通路
Diana-Theodora Morgos1, Constantin Stefani2, Daniela Miricescu3
1Discipline of Anatomy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
International journal of molecular sciences
|February 10, 2024
概括
胃癌 (GC) 是一个主要的全球健康问题. 本综述涵盖了GC风险因素,基因突变和信号通路,突出显示了新的治疗抑制剂.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 胃癌 (GC) 是全球癌症死亡的主要原因,每年有超过一百万个新病例.
- 杆菌感染是主要的风险因素,涉及到78%的GC病例.
- 诸如高盐,加工食品和酒精等饮食因素也会导致GC的发展.
研究的目的:
- 审查胃癌的发病率和风险因素.
- 探索酸氨基3-激酶 (PI3K) /蛋白质激酶B (AKT) /哺乳动物目标拉巴胺素 (mTOR) 和基激活蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 在GC中的信号通路的失调.
- 提出针对这些途径的当前和新兴治疗抑制剂.
主要方法:
- 对流行病学数据,遗传突变和胃癌中涉及的分子途径的文献综述.
- 对风险因素研究的分析,包括H. pylori感染和饮食习惯.
- 检查PI3K/AKT/mTOR和MAPK通路激活和向疗法的研究.
主要成果:
- 几种基因突变 (例如,PIK3CA,TP53) 激活PI3K/AKT/mTOR和MAPK通路,促进瘤生长.
- 杆菌,生长因子和氧化应激也会激活GC中的这些关键信号通路.
- 临床试验对单克隆抗体 (trastuzumab,ramucirumab) 有希望,而体外研究表明双通路抑制剂的潜力.
结论:
- 了解GC中的分子机制和信号通路失调对于开发有效治疗至关重要.
- 向治疗,包括单克隆抗体和双通路抑制剂,为胃癌管理提供了有前途的途径.
- 对PI3K/AKT/mTOR和MAPK通路的双重抑制剂的进一步研究可以显著推进GC治疗策略.
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