使用微控制器和现场可编程门数组的直接传感器到数字端口接口进行高效和准确的模拟电压测量
1Department of Electrical Energy and Information Engineering "Guglielmo Marconi" (DEI), Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 10, 2024
概括
本研究介绍了一种用于将模拟传感器直接连接到微控制器和现场可编程门阵列 (FPGA) 上的数字端口的新方法. 该技术通过分析正方波信号的工作周期来测量模拟电压,简化了传感器系统设计.
科学领域:
- 电气工程 电气工程
- 嵌入式系统设计 嵌入式系统设计
- 传感器技术 传感器技术
背景情况:
- 便携式传感器系统通常依赖于微控制器或现场可编程门阵列 (FPGA) 与模拟数字转换器 (ADC) 进行传感器接口.
- 直接传感器与数字端口接口提供了一个替代方案,特别是对于缺乏集成或足够ADC通道的设备.
- 现有的方法可能需要复杂的电路或大量的内存来查找表.
研究的目的:
- 介绍一种直接将模拟电压输出传感器与微控制器或FPGA的数字输入端口接口的技术.
- 展示一种在传感器系统中尽量减少组件数量和内存使用的方法.
- 通过模拟和硬件实现来验证拟议的技术.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种使用被动元件连接模拟传感器到数字输入端口的技术.
- 该方法依赖于测量数字正方波信号的工作周期,该信号是响应模拟电压产生的.
- 通过LTSpice电路模拟和Gowin GW1NR-9 FPGA上的实现进行验证.
主要成果:
- 在模拟电压和测量功率周期之间发现了良好的线性相关性.
- 消除了对内存密集型查找表的需求.
- 在9.75Hz采样速率下达到1.09mV的最大精度,更高的采样速率 (高达128.31Hz) 产生略微降低的精度 (2.68mV).
结论:
- 拟议的直接接口技术对于使用数字端口测量模拟电压是有效的.
- 这种方法为设计便携式传感器系统提供了简化,内存高效的解决方案.
- 该技术在低成本FPGA硬件上展示了实际可行性和良好的性能.
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