在幼儿时期对身体活动和运动技能的家长支持:多过程行动控制框架的混合方法应用
Maeghan E James1, Ryan E Rhodes2, John Cairney3
1Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Department of Kinesiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
概括
父母努力将意图转化为行动,以支持孩子的体育活动 (PA) 和基本运动技能 (FMS). 干预措施应针对反射,监管和反射过程,以弥合这种意图-行为差距.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 儿童不活动是一个日益关注的问题,需要促进体育活动 (PA) 和基本运动技能 (FMS).
- 父母的支持对儿童PA至关重要,但父母的意图和他们的支持行为之间存在差距.
- 多过程行动控制 (M-PAC) 框架提供了对影响意图-行为一致性的因素的洞察力.
研究的目的:
- 探索父母在幼儿时期 (3-4岁) 支持PA和FMS的意图和行为.
- 使用M-PAC框架检查影响家长对儿童PA和FMS支持的心理过程 (反射,调节,反射).
主要方法:
- 采用了一个解释性的并发混合方法设计.
- 124名3至4岁儿童的家长完成了一项在线调查,评估M-PAC的流程,意图和对PA/FMS的支持.
- 20名家长参加了半结构面试,以提供定性见解.
主要成果:
- 与FMS相比,家长报告了更高的意图和行动来支持PA (71%的意图,57%的行动) (44%的意图,27%的行动).
- 对于PA和FMS,父母的支持行为与反射,监管和反射M-PAC过程的组合有关.
- 定性数据显示,家长对PA和FMS支持的看法不同,并将涉及的心理过程置于背景中.
结论:
- 需要采取干预措施,促进儿童早期对PA和FMS的家长支持.
- 战略应整合培养反射,监管和反射行为的方法,以增强意图-行为转换.
- 未来的干预措施应与PA一起专门针对FMS的支持.
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