莱什马尼亚形蛋白通过一种不寻常的结构机制与活性蛋白相互作用,以控制寄生虫中的细胞骨动力学
Andrea Vizcaíno-Castillo1, Tommi Kotila1, Konstantin Kogan1
1HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
The Journal of biological chemistry
|February 10, 2024
概括
莱什马尼亚寄生虫中关键的动因结合蛋白质 - - 普罗菲林 - - 具有独特的结构动机,对调节动因动态和寄生虫内细胞分类至关重要. 这一发现为trypanosomatid细胞生物学提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 由莱什马尼亚和特里帕诺索马寄生虫引起的疾病在热带地区带来了重大的健康挑战.
- 与其他真核生物相比,Trypanosomatid寄生虫表现出独特的细胞生物学,包括一个不同的actin细胞骨架.
- 普罗菲林是一种关键的中央动因结合蛋白,对于调节动因动态至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 阐明调节试类寄生虫中actin动态的分子机制,重点关注profilin.
- 调查莱什马尼亚形状的独特特征的结构和功能意义.
- 了解利林在寄生虫细胞功能中的作用,例如内细胞分裂.
主要方法:
- 莱什曼亚大与L.大的共同晶体结构的确定.
- 生物化学测试以评估活性蛋白结合,核酸交换和丝组装抑制.
- 产生和分析林淘汰和淘汰Leishmania mexicana菌株的分析.
主要成果:
- 莱什曼尼亚形蛋白具有独特的α螺旋插入,类似于WH2域,它结合了actin单体并增强了核酸交换.
- 这种类似WH2的基因在Trypanosomatidae中保存着,对Leishmania profilin的功能至关重要,包括抑制formin催化性actin组合.
- 在莱什马尼亚寄生虫中,profilin对于有效的内细胞分类至关重要,其在体内作用中必不可少的是富含actin和proline的蛋白质结合能力.
结论:
- 莱什曼尼亚蛋白的独特的WH2型动机是其调节行为动力学功能的关键决定因素.
- 普罗菲林在诸如内细胞分裂之类的重要寄生虫过程中起着至关重要的作用,这凸显了它对寄生虫生存的重要性.
- 这项研究揭示了在类虫中受素调节的分子原理,为抗寄生虫药物开发提供了潜在的标.
相关概念视频
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
2.3K
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
2.3K
Actin Filament Depolymerization
3.1K
Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of dissociation is faster from the minus-end or the pointed end, where the actin subunits exist with a bound ADP, together known as ADP-actin. The depolymerization of F-actin is aided by proteins, including the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin family of proteins, gelsolin, and glia maturation factor (GMF).
In F-actin, the ADF/cofilin proteins...
In F-actin, the ADF/cofilin proteins...
3.1K
Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation
2.6K
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
2.6K
Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments
2.9K
The straight or branched structure formation of actin filaments is controlled by nucleating proteins such as the formins and Arp2/3 complex. Formin-mediated assembly results in straight filaments, whereas Arp2/3 protein complex-mediated assembly results in branched actin filaments.
Arp2/3 Complex
Arp2/3 complex is a seven-subunit complex consisting of two proteins similar to actin- Arp2 and Arp3, and five other subunits that help keep Arp2 and Arp3 inactive. When required, the complex is...
Arp2/3 Complex
Arp2/3 complex is a seven-subunit complex consisting of two proteins similar to actin- Arp2 and Arp3, and five other subunits that help keep Arp2 and Arp3 inactive. When required, the complex is...
2.9K
Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility
5.2K
Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate....
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate....
5.2K
Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration
4.8K
A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker...
4.8K


