邻居层面的劣势增加了侵入性肺炎球菌病的风险
Daniel Minassian1, Liang Shan2, Chaoling Dong3
1Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
在年轻人中,邻居的贫困是侵入性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 的重要危险因素. 公共卫生战略应解决社会经济因素,以减少IPD负担.
科学领域:
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 尽管有疫苗接种努力,但斯氏菌肺炎 (Spn) 感染,特别是侵入性肺炎球菌病 (IPD),仍然是全球健康问题.
- 虽然已知IPD的个体风险因素,但社区层面的社会经济因素的影响尚未被彻底调查.
- 这项研究的重点是评估邻里不利因素与城市环境中的IPD风险之间的关联.
研究的目的:
- 检查区域级社会经济因素,特别是社区贫困和侵袭性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 风险之间的关系.
- 确定社区层面的社会经济劣势是否有助于IPD的发病率.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性队列研究确定了在2010年至2019年期间住院患有培养确认的Spn感染的患者.
- 从电子健康记录中提取了患者数据,包括人口统计和临床信息.
- 住宅地址被地理编码并与2015年区域贫困指数 (ADI) 联系起来,以量化社区的劣势. 使用后勤回归来分析ADI和IPD风险之间的关联,控制单个因素.
主要成果:
- 在268名患有SPN感染的住院患者中,有92人 (34.3%) 患有IPD.
- 较高的邻居贫困 (ADI在79-100范围内) 与患上IPD的风险增加显著相关.
- 这种关联在年轻患者 (65岁以下) 中尤为明显,即使对个人人口和临床因素进行调整 (p = 0.007).
结论:
- 区域贫困指数被确定为年轻成年人侵入性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 的重要危险因素.
- 必须将社区层面的社会经济因素纳入用于IPD预防的公共卫生战略.
- 有针对性的干预措施,如加强居住在贫困地区的高风险人群接种疫苗,对于减轻IPD的整体负担至关重要.
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