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相关概念视频

Hierarchy of Motor Control01:18

Hierarchy of Motor Control

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The hierarchy of motor control refers to the different levels of organization and processing involved in controlling movement in the body. These levels range from higher cortical areas involved in planning and decision-making to lower spinal cord reflexes that respond automatically to external stimuli.
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Direct Motor Pathways01:11

Direct Motor Pathways

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The direct motor pathways, also known as the pyramidal tracts, are a group of neural pathways that originate in the brain and descend through the spinal cord. They control the voluntary movement of the body. There are two major direct motor pathways: the corticospinal and the corticobulbar tracts.
The corticospinal tract is responsible for the voluntary movement of the limbs and trunk. It originates in the cerebral cortex of the brain and descends through the cerebrum's internal capsule and...
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One-Degree-of-Freedom System01:24

One-Degree-of-Freedom System

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In mechanical engineering, one-degree-of-freedom systems form the basis of a wide range of electrical and mechanical components. Using these models, engineers can predict the behavior of various parts in a larger system, which gives them insight into how different forces interact with each other.
A one-degree-of-freedom system is defined by an independent variable that determines its state and behavior. One example of a one-degree-of-freedom system is a simple harmonic oscillator, such as a...
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Method of Joints: Problem Solving II01:30

Method of Joints: Problem Solving II

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Consider a truss structure with frictionless joints fixed to a wall and roller support. If a force of 150 N is applied to joint A, the forces in each member of the truss can be determined using the method of joints.
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Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

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The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
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Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving

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Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 3, 2025

Asymmetric Walkway: A Novel Behavioral Assay for Studying Asymmetric Locomotion
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在开发过程中优化模块化,以简化跨越多个步骤的步行控制.

Elodie Hinnekens1,2, Bastien Berret1,2, Estelle Morard1,2

  • 1Université Paris-Saclay, CIAMS, Orsay, France.

Frontiers in neural circuits
|February 12, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

与成年人相比,幼儿表现出更大的运动变性,需要更多的模块来走路,这表明在发育过程中运动控制在不断发展. 这种变化可能反映了早期步行者的探索,而不是补偿机制.

关键词:
发展发展发展发展发展.这是模块化的模块化.肌肉协同作用 肌肉协同作用幼儿 幼儿 幼儿的孩子变化的可变性.走路走路,走路走路,走路走路.

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科学领域:

  • 发动机控制器的控制器
  • 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
  • 生物力学 生物力学

背景情况:

  • 成人步行的特点是模块化控制,尽量减少由中枢神经系统 (CNS) 调节的自由度.
  • 幼儿步行也看起来模块化,但表现出高度的步骤到步骤的变化,变化和模块化之间的相互作用不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究与成年人相比,幼儿步行的模块化组织.
  • 为了确定步行时幼儿的运动变化是否是中央或外围调节的.

主要方法:

  • 10个下肢肌肉的电肌图 (EMG) 活动记录在12名成人和12名幼儿身上,超过8个步行周期.
  • 使用非负矩阵分解 (时空分解) 来建模模块化控制,比较平均和非平均数据.
  • 幼儿被测试独立行走,并由成年人支持,以评估减少平衡约束的影响.

主要成果:

  • 幼儿在独立步行和辅助步行条件下显示出明显更高的步骤到步骤的变化,而不是成年人.
  • 需要更多的模块来解释幼儿的变化,与成年人相比,模块激活在步骤之间不那么一致.
  • 这种增加的可变性和模块化在幼儿中持续存在,即使平衡约束减少了.

结论:

  • 运动的模块化控制通过实践和发展,从幼儿时期到成年期发生显著的进化.
  • 与幼儿相比,成年人使用更节的模块化步行策略.
  • 即使在平衡限制降低的情况下,幼儿的变性也表明在运动探索中发挥了作用,而不是仅仅是纠正机制.