在开发过程中优化模块化,以简化跨越多个步骤的步行控制
Elodie Hinnekens1,2, Bastien Berret1,2, Estelle Morard1,2
1Université Paris-Saclay, CIAMS, Orsay, France.
Frontiers in neural circuits
|February 12, 2024
概括
与成年人相比,幼儿表现出更大的运动变性,需要更多的模块来走路,这表明在发育过程中运动控制在不断发展. 这种变化可能反映了早期步行者的探索,而不是补偿机制.
科学领域:
- 发动机控制器的控制器
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 成人步行的特点是模块化控制,尽量减少由中枢神经系统 (CNS) 调节的自由度.
- 幼儿步行也看起来模块化,但表现出高度的步骤到步骤的变化,变化和模块化之间的相互作用不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究与成年人相比,幼儿步行的模块化组织.
- 为了确定步行时幼儿的运动变化是否是中央或外围调节的.
主要方法:
- 10个下肢肌肉的电肌图 (EMG) 活动记录在12名成人和12名幼儿身上,超过8个步行周期.
- 使用非负矩阵分解 (时空分解) 来建模模块化控制,比较平均和非平均数据.
- 幼儿被测试独立行走,并由成年人支持,以评估减少平衡约束的影响.
主要成果:
- 幼儿在独立步行和辅助步行条件下显示出明显更高的步骤到步骤的变化,而不是成年人.
- 需要更多的模块来解释幼儿的变化,与成年人相比,模块激活在步骤之间不那么一致.
- 这种增加的可变性和模块化在幼儿中持续存在,即使平衡约束减少了.
结论:
- 运动的模块化控制通过实践和发展,从幼儿时期到成年期发生显著的进化.
- 与幼儿相比,成年人使用更节的模块化步行策略.
- 即使在平衡限制降低的情况下,幼儿的变性也表明在运动探索中发挥了作用,而不是仅仅是纠正机制.
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