在癌症患者中治疗COVID-19的口服抗病毒药物
Dorra Guermazi1, Panos Arvanitis2, Kendra Vieira2
1Brown University.
Research square
|February 12, 2024
概括
像Paxlovid和Lagevrio这样的口服抗病毒药物可能会改善COVID-19癌症患者的生存率. 在一项小型研究中,早期治疗显示死亡率降低和氧气需求降低,这表明对免疫功能受损的个体有潜在的益处.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 免疫功能低下的癌症患者面临更高的SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) 死亡风险.
- 有限的数据存在于口服抗病毒疗效 (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir,molnupiravir) 在这个人群.
- 最近的研究质疑接种疫苗的人的抗病毒有效性.
研究的目的:
- 评估nirmatrelvir/ritonavir和molnupiravir在预防COVID-19癌症患者严重疾病和死亡方面的疗效和安全性.
- 评估这些口服抗病毒药物对高风险人群的死亡率和氧气需求的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自布朗大学附属医院的457名患有COVID-19的癌症患者的回顾分析.
- 67名接受尼马特雷尔维尔/里托纳维尔或莫尔努皮拉维尔治疗的患者与56名没有接受抗病毒治疗的同时控制组进行了比较.
- 评估生存率,90天所有原因和COVID-19归因的死亡率,以及峰值氧气需求.
主要成果:
- 尼尔马特里尔维尔/里托纳维尔或莫尔努皮拉维尔的使用与改善的生存率有关.
- 抗病毒治疗显著降低了90天全因和COVID-19相关死亡率 (p<0.05).
- 观察到较低峰值氧气需求的趋势 (正规几率比率 [OR] 1.52,95%置信区间 [CI] 0.92-2.56).
结论:
- 早期的口服抗病毒疗法可能会使COVID-19的免疫功能低下的癌症患者受益.
- 研究结果表明,有可能降低死亡率和疾病严重程度.
- 需要进行更大规模的分层研究来确认这种脆弱群体的疗效.
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