来自电子健康记录的大型数据集预测缺血性中风后的发作:一种机器学习方法
Alain Lekoubou1, Justin Petucci2,3, Temitope Femi Ajala4
1Department of Neurology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center and Department of Public Health, Pennsylvania State University.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|February 12, 2024
概括
机器学习模型可以预测缺血性中风 (IS) 后的发作风险. 这种AI方法有助于识别高风险患者,以便更好地治疗和规划临床试验.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 神经学 神经学
- 脑卒中医学 脑卒中医学
背景情况:
- 缺血性中风 (IS) 之后,发作很常见,导致死亡率增加和结果更差.
- 预测IS患者的发作风险对于治疗和临床试验设计至关重要,但仍然具有挑战性.
- 机器学习 (ML) 为解决这种临床需求提供了一种有希望的方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 预测模型.
- 估计发生1年和5年后缺血性中风 (IS) 的发作的风险.
- 利用来自电子健康记录的大型数据集进行模型开发.
主要方法:
- 从TriNetX研究网络中识别了没有先前发作的IS (ICD-10 I63) 的成年患者.
- 应用后勤回归和光梯度增强机算法来预测1年和5年的发作风险.
- 使用AUROC,AUPRC,F1得分,准确度和回忆,使用和不使用抗发作药物数据来评估模型性能.
主要成果:
- 研究队列包括430,254名IS患者;4.3%和5.3%的患者分别在1年和5年内发作.
- ML模型在1年内实现了0.7854的AUROC,在5年内达到0.7607.
- 关键的绩效指标证明了该模型在预测中风后发作方面的能力.
结论:
- 机器学习模型在预测缺血性中风后发作风险方面表现强.
- 这些人工智能驱动的工具可以帮助临床医生识别有针对性干预的风险人群.
- 这些发现支持ML在治疗中风后并发症方面的有用性.
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