量化疫苗接种前 titre 和疫苗接种史对流感疫苗免疫性的影响
David Hodgson1, Stephany Sánchez-Ovando2,3, Louise Carolan3
1Center of Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|February 12, 2024
概括
流感疫苗抗体反应因个人因素而异. 较低的疫苗接种前抗体水平和不频繁的疫苗接种延长了血清保护的持续时间,随着时间的推移影响了疫苗的有效性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 流感疫苗抗体反应表现出显著的异质性.
- 宿主因素如免疫状况,年龄,性别和疫苗接种史都会影响疫苗的疗效.
- 以前的研究表明,宿主因子和抗体反应模式之间存在不同的关联.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个统一的框架,分析宿主因素和疫苗诱导的抗体动力学.
- 模拟疫苗接种前免疫状况,年龄,性别和疫苗接种史对流感抗体反应的影响.
- 量化这些因素对甲型H1N1和甲型H3N2亚型抗体增加和减少的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个个体级别的贝叶斯模型来估计宿主因子和抗体动态之间的关联.
- 综合宿主因素 (疫苗前的HAI标量,年龄,性别,疫苗接种史) 与疫苗诱导的抗体动态.
- 将模型应用于跨越多个流感季节的甲型H1N1和甲型H3N2的队列数据.
主要成果:
- 疫苗接种后的抗体水平 (HAI 头) 受到疫苗接种前的HAI 头和疫苗接种史的影响.
- 疫苗接种前较低的HAI标位导致血清保护的持续时间较长 (≥1:40).
- 与频繁疫苗接种相比,不频繁的疫苗接种 (<5年内2剂) 延长了159-171天的血清保护时间.
结论:
- 疫苗接种前的HAI标量和之前的疫苗接种状态是疫苗接种后抗体动态的关键决定因素.
- 未来的血清学研究必须考虑这些因素,以准确估计血清阳性和血清转化.
- 了解个体抗体动态对于优化流感疫苗策略至关重要.
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