弗拉格门的投票方法和合理的代表性.
Markus Brill1,2, Rupert Freeman3, Svante Janson4
1TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
概括
弗拉格曼的委员会选择方法平衡了选民负载. 顺序方法实现了比例合理代表,而优化方法确保了完美的代表,为公平的投票系统提供了新的见解.
科学领域:
- 社会选择理论社会选择理论
- 计算式的社会选择
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
背景情况:
- 爱德华·弗拉格曼 (Edvard Phragmén) 19世纪末的负载平衡方法,用于使用批准选票进行委员会的选择.
- 现有的委员会投票规则往往难以平衡公平性和代表性.
- 准则分析对于理解投票系统的特性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从公理的角度研究Phragmén的委员会选择方法.
- 专注于在委员会组建中获得比例代表的物业.
- 分析计算复杂性,并为Phragmén的方法开发算法.
主要方法:
- 研究了三个基于Phragmén的委员会投票规则:两个优化变体 (最小-最大负载,最小-变量负载) 和一个顺序变体.
- 采用了公理方法来评估与比例表示相关的属性.
- 利用混合整数编程用于计算分析和算法开发.
主要成果:
- 顺序的Phragmén变体满足比例合理代表,这是单调委员会方法的罕见属性.
- Phragmén的方法的优化变体实现了完美的表示.
- 分析了计算复杂性,并开发了基于混合整数编程的算法.
结论:
- 弗拉格曼的方法提供了有价值的工具,以实现委员会选择中的比例代表.
- 识别的属性 (比例合理表示和完美表示) 强调了这些方法的优势.
- 开发的算法为在计算环境中实现Phragmén的方法提供了实际手段.
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