在炎热环境中工作的工作休息制度:一个范围审查
Thomas A Deshayes1,2, Hsen Hsouna1,2, Mounir A A Braham3,4
1Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
American journal of industrial medicine
|February 12, 2024
概括
职业热应激是通过工作休息模式来管理的,但研究表明,它们往往无法防止高核心温度. 在不同的人群中,除了体力炼之外,还需要对它们的有效性进行更多研究.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
背景情况:
- 职业健康组织建议工作休息方案以限制热应激.
- 这些方案旨在防止核心体温超过38°C或增加1°C.
- 现有的关于这些方案在炎热环境中的有效性知识需要全面地图.
研究的目的:
- 对热环境中工作休息模式的现有研究进行范围审查.
- 确定当前文献中关于这些疗法生理有效性的差距.
- 为未来的研究方向提出建议.
主要方法:
- 在10个科学数据库中进行了系统的搜索.
- 包括了专注于在炎热环境条件下的工作休息方案的研究.
- 数据提取的重点是研究特征,使用的疗法和报告的结果.
主要成果:
- 审查了49篇文章,其中35篇是实验研究,主要是在实验室环境中进行的.
- 大多数研究涉及健康的年轻男性,重点关注体力任务,对表现结果的报告有限.
- 尽管有工作休息制度,77%的实验研究报告核心温度超过38°C.
结论:
- 目前关于工作休息方案对热应激的生理有效性的研究是有限的.
- 研究往往很短,专注于特定的人口统计数据,忽视非物理性能影响.
- 需要进一步的研究,以建立有效的,基于证据的工作休息策略,用于各种职业环境.
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