伦理标准的模糊性:在解释学术抄袭方面,全球与本地科学相比
Katerina S Guba1, Angelika O Tsivinskaya2
1Center for Institutional Analysis of Science and Education, European University at St. Petersburg, 6/1A Gagarinskaya St., St. Petersburg, Russia, 191187. kguba@eu.spb.ru.
Science and engineering ethics
|February 12, 2024
概括
俄罗斯的学术抄袭率高于西方国家,根据研究领域有很大的差异. 国际化和对道德标准的机构支持与更低的抄袭率相关.
科学领域:
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
- 教育教育教育教育教育教育.
- 研究伦理学研究伦理学
背景情况:
- 研究不当行为的原因已经得到了充分的研究,但学术不当行为的特定领域变异仍未得到充分探索.
- 大多数关于学术不当行为的实证研究都集中在一个学科上,限制了更广泛的理解.
- 新制度理论表明,学科层面的因素影响学术不当行为,特别是在发展中国家.
研究的目的:
- 调查俄罗斯不同研究领域学术不端行为的差异.
- 检查学科的国际化与抄袭的普遍性之间的关系.
- 评估机构对全球道德标准的支持对学术诚信的影响.
主要方法:
- 在俄罗斯 (2007-2015) 辩护的2,405篇博士论文的分析,使用抄袭检测软件.
- 通过全球引用数据库中的出版物比例来衡量学术学科全球化.
- 跨学科和俄罗斯和西方国家之间的抄袭率的比较.
主要成果:
- 俄罗斯的抄袭事件发生率 (平均>19%的借款被检测到) 明显高于西方国家.
- 高度国际化的学科具有较低的借用文本百分比,这表明全球化与学术诚信之间的相关性.
- 具有强有力的伦理标准的以研究为导向的机构显示,抄袭的流行率较低.
结论:
- 纪律差异显著影响学术不端行为率,特别是在发展中国家.
- 国际化和机构道德框架对于减轻抄袭至关重要.
- 未来关于发展中国家学术不端行为的研究必须考虑到学科差异.
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