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对于MCMV特异性CD8+ T细胞的持久记忆反应,NFAT信号是不可或缺的
M Zeeshan Chaudhry1, Lisa Borkner1, Upasana Kulkarni1
1Department of Viral Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
激活T细胞的核因子 (NFAT) 转录因子在潜伏期间对细胞巨乳病毒 (CMV) 特定的CD8+T细胞的长期膨胀至关重要. 消去NFATc1和NFATc2会影响T细胞成熟和病毒控制.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- T细胞生物学T细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 细胞巨乳病毒 (CMV) 引发终身感染,其特征在潜伏期中具有独特的抗原特异性CD8+ T细胞扩张.
- 驱动这种持续T细胞膨胀的机制,特别是T细胞受体 (TCR) 信号传递的作用,仍然不完全理解.
- 激活T细胞的核因子 (NFAT) 转录因子 (NFATc1和NFATc2) 是成熟T细胞中TCR信号的关键下游媒介.
研究的目的:
- 调查NFATc1和NFATc2在老鼠CMV (MCMV) 特定的CD8+T细胞反应的长期膨胀中的作用.
- 确定NFAT信号在慢性病毒感染期间对T细胞成熟和功能的影响.
- 评估 CD8+ T 细胞中 NFAT 信号的必要性,以有效控制 CMV 感染.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠中利用NFATc1和/或NFATc2的基因切除来研究MCMV特异性的CD8+T细胞反应.
- 在免疫缺陷小鼠模型中使用基因改造的CD8+T细胞进行采用免疫疗法.
- 进行转录组分析以阐明T细胞中NFAT功能背后的分子机制.
主要成果:
- 选择性基因切除NFATc1或NFATc2,特别是两者的联合缺失,显著影响了长期增长的MCMV特异性CD8+T细胞.
- 虽然急性感染反应在很大程度上保持了,但慢性感染相关的T细胞膨胀在NFAT缺乏的T细胞中减少了.
- 只有当用于采用免疫治疗的CD8+T细胞中删除NFATc1和NFATc2时,才观察到CMV感染的控制受损.
- 转录组数据表明,T细胞内在的NFAT信号传递对于CD8+T细胞成熟成为构成膨胀池的效应器记忆和效应器子集至关重要,而不是初始原始化.
结论:
- 在潜伏的CMV感染期间,NFATc1和NFATc2在CD8+T细胞群持续膨胀中发挥着关键的,非冗余的作用.
- 这些转录因子对于影响力记忆和影响力T细胞的分化和维护至关重要,这些细胞主导着通胀反应.
- 干扰NFAT信号传递会损害CD8+T细胞控制CMV感染的能力,强调了解这种途径的治疗意义.
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