在刑事诉讼中评估被欺骗的无能为力的措施的开发:丹尼能力相关测试 (D-CRT)
Robert L Denney1, Sundeep Thinda2, Patrick M Finn3
1Missouri Memory Center, Citizens Memorial Healthcare, Bolivar, MO, USA.
Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology
|February 12, 2024
概括
丹尼能力相关测试 (D-CRT) 有效地识别了刑事被告的虚假无能. 这种新工具有助于法律专业人员评估真正的认知缺陷与模拟的认知缺陷.
科学领域:
- 法医心理学 法医心理学
- 神经心理学 神经心理学
- 法律心理学 法律心理学
背景情况:
- 在刑事司法环境中评估能力至关重要,因为假装认知缺陷的比例很高.
- 现有的方法可能无法充分区分真正的损伤与假装.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证丹尼能力相关测试 (D-CRT),用于评估刑事被告的假装无能.
- 通过性能曲线分析 (PCA) 来评估D-CRT的有效性.
主要方法:
- 通过专家审查和与青少年志愿者进行项目分析,D-CRT得到了开发和完善.
- 测试重复测试可靠性在成年人中进行了评估,验证涉及监狱被拘留者和临床转诊.
- 标准措施包括麦克阿瑟竞争力评估测试-刑事裁决和单词记忆测试.
主要成果:
- D-CRT表现出良好的测试复试可靠性 (.83) 和出色的内部一致性 (KR-20 > .91).
- 该测试有效地区分了监狱被拘留者的真实和模拟的无能 (AUC = .945).
- 在种族/种族群体之间没有发现显著的表现差异,在认知障碍的老年人中特异性很高.
结论:
- D-CRT是一个有效可靠的工具,用于检测伪造的犯罪无能.
- 性能曲线分析 (PCA) 支持D-CRT在能力评估中的实用性.
- 建议在不同的临床群体进行进一步验证.
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