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相关概念视频

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism01:19

Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
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Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

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Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
393
Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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在COVID-19中甲状腺功能障碍

David Tak Wai Lui1, Chi Ho Lee1, Yu Cho Woo1

  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Nature reviews. Endocrinology
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PubMed
概括

COVID-19可以通过对甲状腺轴的直接和间接影响引起甲状腺功能障碍. 本综述总结了急性感染,长期COVID和疫苗接种中甲状腺问题的证据,并提出了测试建议.

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A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
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科学领域:

  • 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
  • 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
  • 公共卫生 公共卫生

背景情况:

  • COVID-19大流行影响了全球健康,严重的发病率和死亡率主要与肺部损伤有关.
  • 新出现的证据表明,SARS-CoV-2 (导致COVID-19的病毒) 影响多个器官,包括内分泌腺.
  • 自2020年5月以来,COVID-19后的甲状腺功能障碍越来越多地被记录在案.

研究的目的:

  • 提供关于COVID-19和甲状腺功能障碍之间的关系的科学证据的最新审查.
  • 纳入最近的进展,特别是在长期COVID和COVID-19疫苗接种方面.
  • 为甲状腺功能测试提出基于证据的建议.

主要方法:

  • 对流行病学,放射学,分子学和组织学证据的系统审查.
  • 在急性COVID-19,长期COVID和疫苗接种后对甲状腺功能障碍的数据分析.
  • 检查对下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴的影响.

主要成果:

  • 甲状腺功能障碍是COVID-19的一种已知的并发症,影响着下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴.
  • 证据支持甲状腺在急性感染,长期COVID和潜在的接种疫苗后的参与.
  • 亚急性甲状腺炎是COVID-19相关的甲状腺功能障碍的一个报告表现.

结论:

  • COVID-19对发展甲状腺功能障碍构成重大风险,影响广泛的患者.
  • 鉴于大量的幸存者,了解长期COVID的甲状腺影响至关重要.
  • 在COVID-19感染和接种疫苗期间和之后需要甲状腺功能测试的指导方针.