在正常衰老,轻度认知障碍和痴呆症中,认知功能与日常生活活动之间的关系:一个元分析
Simona Raimo1,2, Gianpaolo Maggi3, Ciro Rosario Ilardi3
1Department of Psychology, 'Luigi Vanvitelli' University of Campania, Caserta, Italy. simona.raimo@unicz.it.
概括
执行功能和记忆等特定的认知功能与认知障碍的老年人日常生活能力有关. 了解这些联系有助于早期识别和针对功能衰退的有针对性的康复.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 认知障碍和痴呆症在老年人群中显著影响日常生活活动.
- 确定与功能衰退相关的特定认知领域对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 以元分析的方式研究认知功能与日常生活活动 (ADL) 之间的关联,跨越健康老龄化,轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 和痴呆症.
- 确定这些关系的强度和性质,考虑特定的认知领域和临床状态.
主要方法:
- 进行了对横截面和纵向研究的综合元分析.
- 在PubMed,PsycINFO和Scopus数据库中进行了搜索,截至2022年12月.
- 包括的研究评估了健康老年人,MCI和痴呆症患者的认知功能和ADL.
主要成果:
- 仪器ADL (IADL) 与执行功能 (抽象,设置转移) 和处理速度/注意力密切相关,无论认知状态如何.
- 基本ADL (BADL) 和IADL与全球认知和口头记忆相关,损伤严重程度作为调节者.
- 视觉空间和语言能力与ADL有显著的相关性,特别是在使用基于绩效的评估时.
结论:
- 执行功能,处理速度和记忆力是衰老过程中功能能力的关键认知预测因素.
- 神经心理学评估对于早期发现有功能衰退风险的个体至关重要.
- 康复计划应考虑特定的认知能力,以有效地解决ADL困难.
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