植物食品摄入量与阿尔茨海默病之间的因果关系:孟德尔的随机化研究
Xinmin Deng1, Jingyi Zhu1, Jingtao Liang1
1Department of Neurology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan, China.
Nutritional neuroscience
|February 13, 2024
概括
增加干果的消费可能会降低患阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的风险. 这项研究使用了门德尔的随机化来研究饮食和AD之间的因果关系,发现干果有保护作用.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 神经退行性疾病 神经退行性疾病
- 遗传流行病学遗传流行病学
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种进展性神经系统疾病.
- 观察性研究表明,植物性饮食与AD风险之间存在联系.
- 混因素可能会影响观察到的饮食和AD之间的关联.
研究的目的:
- 研究植物性食物摄入量与阿尔茨海默病风险之间的因果关系.
- 使用门德尔随机化 (MR) 来评估对饮食习惯和AD的遗传倾向.
- 在饮食-AD研究中区分因果关系与观察性关联.
主要方法:
- 两个样本的孟德尔随机化 (MR) 设计.
- 利用IEU开放GWAS项目的大规模基因组广泛关联研究 (GWAS) 数据,用于饮食暴露 (干水果,新鲜水果,生/熟蔬菜,谷物).
- 从GWAS元分析中采用阿尔茨海默病的总结统计数据 (71,880例,383,378例对照).
主要成果:
- 干果摄入量的基因预测增加与阿尔茨海默病风险降低有关 (OR = 0.88,95% CI = 0.82-0.95).
- 对于新鲜水果,生菜/煮菜或谷物摄入量与AD风险没有发现显著的因果关系.
- 逆变量加权 (IVW) 方法表明,干果消费具有保护作用.
结论:
- 基因预测较高的干果摄入量似乎是对阿尔茨海默病的因果保护因素.
- 这项MR研究提供了支持特定饮食成分 (干果) 减轻AD风险的证据.
- 进一步的研究可以探索干果对神经退行症的保护作用背后的机制.
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