饮食因素在年轻发病和年长发病的结直肠癌患者之间有所不同
Andrea N Burnett-Hartman1, Mimi Ton2,3, Qianchuan He2
1Kaiser Permanente Colorado Institute for Health Research, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Nutrition and cancer
|February 13, 2024
概括
年轻发性结直肠癌 (CRC) 患者与年长发性结直肠癌 (CRC) 患者相比,消费的蔬菜和水果较少,但加工和辛的食物更多. 这些饮食差异突出了早期CRC的潜在风险因素.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 大肠直肠癌 (CRC) 的发病率在年轻人群中正在上升.
- 饮食因素被认为是导致CRC风险的潜在因素.
- 了解年轻和老年发病CRC之间的饮食差异对于有针对性的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究和比较年轻发病 (<50岁) 和老发病 (≥50岁) 大肠直肠癌患者之间的饮食摄入模式.
- 确定与早期CRC相关的特定食品组.
主要方法:
- 从普吉特湾监测,流行病学和最终结果登记处进行了1998-2018年间诊断的CRC患者的回顾性分析.
- 通过覆盖人口统计,病史和风险因素的问卷来评估饮食摄入量.
- 多变量逻辑回归用于比较年轻和老年发病CRC组之间的饮食因素,计算调整的几率比率 (OR) 和95%置信区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 年轻发病的CRC患者的蔬菜 (OR=0.59,CI:0.55-0.64) 和水果 (OR=0.94,CI:0.88-0.99) 摄入量明显低于年长发病的患者.
- 在年轻发病的CRC患者中,观察到加工肉类 (OR=1.82,CI:1.11-2.99) 和辛食品 (OR=1.69,CI:1.09-2.61) 的摄入量较高.
- 两组之间在红肉消费方面没有发现显著差异.
结论:
- 独特的饮食模式区分年轻发病和老年发病的结直肠癌.
- 较低的水果和蔬菜消费,加上较高的加工食品和辛食品的摄入量,可能与早期CRC的风险增加有关.
- 研究结果表明,饮食改变在预防年轻发病的结直肠癌方面可能发挥作用.
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