亲社会倾向是否与发展性精神病理学有关? 亲社会行为和同情相关的关系对外部化问题,内部化问题和自闭症谱系障碍的反应
Nancy Eisenberg1, Antonio Zuffianò2, Tracy L Spinrad3
1Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
Development and psychopathology
|February 13, 2024
概括
像同理心和亲社会性这样的积极行为与发展性精神病理学有关. 本综述探讨了它们与外部化问题,内部化问题和自闭症谱系障碍的关系.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 心理病理学 心理病理学
背景情况:
- 发展性精神病理学研究往往忽视了积极的功能.
- 亲社会行为和与同情相关的响应是运作的积极方面.
- 这些积极方面可能与精神病理学有很大关系.
研究的目的:
- 审查关于外部化问题 (EP),内部化问题 (IP) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 之间的关系的研究.
- 检查这些条件与与同理心相关的响应和亲社会行为的关联.
- 讨论对理解精神病理学和积极功能的影响.
主要方法:
- 对研究心理病理学和同情心/亲社会行为的文献综述.
- 对不同类型的精神病理学 (EP,IP,ASD) 的发现进行分析.
- 对与同情相关的响应 (情感/认知同情,同情,个人痛苦) 和亲社会行为的研究综合.
主要成果:
- 共感和亲社会行为通常与EP相反相关,在幼儿和反应性侵略方面有一些例外.
- 同理心和个人痛苦显示出与IPs的积极关系,这表明高度敏感性可能是有害的.
- 亲社会行为与知识产权有负面关系,尽管动机和接受者很重要.
- 患有自闭症的儿童表现出同情和亲社会能力,尽管报告的水平可能低于神经类型的同龄人.
结论:
- 积极的功能 (同理心,亲社会) 和精神病理学之间的关系是复杂的,并因情况而异.
- 了解这些联系对于全面了解发展性精神病理学至关重要.
- 需要对测量,动机,因果关系和调节/调解因素进行进一步的研究.
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