早期发育干预计划提供医院出院后的治疗,以预防早产婴儿的运动和认知障碍
Jane Orton1,2, Lex W Doyle3, Tanya Tripathi2
1Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
|February 13, 2024
概括
早期发育干预可以改善早产婴儿在婴儿时期的认知和运动结果,以及学龄前儿童的认知结果. 然而,长期效益和最佳干预策略需要进一步研究.
科学领域:
- 新生儿发育和干预
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 基于证据的儿童健康实践.
背景情况:
- 与满期婴儿相比,早产婴儿面临更高的认知和运动障碍风险.
- 早期发育干预旨在改善早产婴儿的结果,但长期影响尚未完全理解.
- 这篇评论是对此主题之前的科克莱恩评论进行了更新的分析.
研究的目的:
- 评估早期发育干预措施对早产婴儿到18岁的运动和认知障碍的影响.
- 评估不同小组的干预效应,包括妊娠年龄,出生体重和干预类型的变化.
主要方法:
- 随机,准随机和集群随机对照试验的系统审查和元分析.
- 搜索了多个数据库 (CENTRAL,MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,PsycINFO) 截至2023年7月.
- 包括在生命的第一个12个月内开始的干预措施,对于在37周妊娠年龄之前出生的婴儿.
主要成果:
- 干预表明,婴儿期 (低确定性证据) 和学前年龄 (高确定性证据) 的认知结果可能有所改善.
- 婴儿期的运动结果可能会通过早期干预 (低确定性证据) 得到改善,但在学龄前或学龄时没有显著的影响.
- 关于干预重点,强度,参与者特征和结果措施的研究中观察到显著的异质性.
结论:
- 早期发育干预可能有利于婴儿期的认知和运动发展以及学前阶段的认知发展.
- 研究之间的异质性强调了需要进一步研究以确定最有效的干预类型和长期效益.
- 证据确定性有所不同,学龄前认知结果的确定性高,但学龄结果的确定性较低.
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