在感染期间,毒素和与宿主Arfs结合在一起
Erin A Schroeder1, Maria Toro-Moreno2, Rene Raphemot2
1Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
mSphere
|February 13, 2024
概括
像Toxoplasma gondii和Plasmodium这样的虫寄生虫利用宿主囊泡的贩运来获取营养. 毒素内部化宿主ADP核糖化因子 (Arfs),而Plasmodium依赖Arf4和GBF1进行肝脏阶段的发展.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 亚比复合体寄生虫 (例如,Toxoplasma gondii,Plasmodium) 居住在寄生虫空洞 (PV) 内的宿主细胞中.
- 寄生虫的发展需要在光伏电路上获得宿主资源,但运输机制仍然不清楚.
- 主体ADP核糖化因子 (Arfs) 是囊泡贩运的关键调节者.
研究的目的:
- 调查宿主Arf参与T. gondii和Plasmodium berghei获得营养的情况.
- 确定这些寄生虫破坏的特定宿主囊泡贩运途径.
- 探索宿主导治疗的潜在目标.
主要方法:
- 过度表达Arf蛋白质和免疫光显微镜.
- Arf1的GDP/GTP-bound状态回收的特征.
- 在P. berghei. 中对Arf4和GBF1进行基因枯竭研究.
- 用囊泡外套复合体和脂质进行局部化研究.
主要成果:
- T. gondii将各种宿主Arf内化到PV中,其中Arf1是最丰富的.
- Arf1内部化独立于宿主瓜核酸交换因子 (GEFs).
- Arf1与囊泡外复合体和脂体共聚,表明营养物质的运输作用.
- 贝尔盖菌不会将Arfs内化为PV,但Arf4和GBF1对于肝脏发育阶段至关重要.
结论:
- 猿类复合体利用不同的策略来颠覆宿主囊泡贩运以复制.
- T. gondii积极招募宿主Arfs进入PV.
- 在关键的发育阶段,P. berghei依赖宿主Arf4和GBF1.
- 这些发现突显了寄生虫对宿主细胞运输机械的操纵.
更多相关视频
11:21Forward Genetics Screens Using Macrophages to Identify Toxoplasma gondii Genes Important for Resistance to IFN-γ-Dependent Cell Autonomous Immunity
Published on: March 12, 2015
11.1K
11:37QTL Mapping and CRISPR/Cas9 Editing to Identify a Drug Resistance Gene in Toxoplasma gondii
Published on: June 22, 2017
16.3K
相关概念视频
00:58Symbiosis
27.8K
Symbiotic relationships are long-term, close interactions between individuals of different species that affect the distribution and abundance of those species. When a relationship is beneficial to both species, this is called mutualism. When the relationship is beneficial to one species but neither beneficial nor harmful to the other species, this is called commensalism. When one organism is harmed to benefit another, the relationship is known as parasitism. These types of relationships often...
27.8K
01:28Fungal Phylum Microsporidia
787
Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
787
01:27Diversity of Protists II
2.3K
Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
2.3K
01:27Overview of Protists
3.3K
Protists are diverse eukaryotic microorganisms that lack the specialized tissues of plants and animals and the chitinous cell walls of fungi. Their early divergence within Eukarya resulted in structural, functional, and ecological diversity. They are classified into supergroups such as Archaeplastida, Excavata, Amoebozoa, Rhizaria, Alveolata, and Stramenopiles, determined through genetic analysis and structural similarities.Structural and Functional AdaptationsProtists have various adaptations...
3.3K
01:22Microbial Interactions: Parasitism
116
Parasitism is a form of microbial interaction in which parasitic microbes exploit a host organism for nutrients and shelter, often at the host's expense. Unlike mutualistic relationships, where both organisms benefit, parasitism benefits only the parasite and harms the host.Classification of ParasitesMicrobial parasites are broadly classified based on their location relative to the host.Ectoparasites remain on the host’s surface, such as the skin or outer tissues, drawing nutrients...
116
01:25Arboviral Encephalitis
70
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
70