儿科精神卫生保健和实践范围的扩大
Phillip M Hughes1,2,3, Genevieve Graaf4, Kristin H Gigli5
1Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, 301 Pharmacy Lane, Campus Box 7573, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7573, USA. phughes1@email.unc.edu.
Administration and policy in mental health
|February 13, 2024
概括
扩大心理学家的实践范围改善了儿科精神卫生保健的获得,减少了未满足的需求,增加了药物接收. 实践护士的实践范围扩大没有对未满足需求和减少药物接收的影响.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 儿科心理健康 儿科心理健康
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 获得儿科精神卫生服务是一个关键的公共卫生问题.
- 州级法规的变化,例如心理学家和护士执业人员的实践范围 (SoP),可能会影响服务利用.
- 了解这些法规的影响对于优化护理服务至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查心理学家和执业护士 (NP) 的扩大实践范围 (SoP) 规定与儿童精神卫生服务的获取之间的关联.
- 确定SoP扩展是否影响未满足的心理健康护理需求和儿童接受心理健康药物的情况.
- 为决策者提供关于心理健康专业人员监管的基于证据的见解.
主要方法:
- 利用来自国家儿童健康调查 (2016-2020) 精神健康需求的儿童的全国代表性样本.
- 通过未满足的心理健康护理需求和接受心理健康药物来衡量儿童心理健康服务的获取.
- 评估了扩展心理学家和NP SoP根据州和年份的影响,使用后勤回归,控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 扩展心理学家SoP的州的儿童有5.4%的未满足心理健康需求的可能性较低.
- 扩展心理学家SoP与接受心理健康药物治疗的概率增加2.0%有关.
- 扩展的NP SoP与未满足的需求没有显著的关联,并且与接受心理健康药物的概率下降1.5%有关.
结论:
- 扩大心理学家的实践范围与改善儿童心理健康护理的准入有关,这对未满足的需求和药物利用都有积极的影响.
- 扩大执业护士的执业范围并没有与改善接入有类似的积极关联,而与减少药物接收有关.
- 调查结果表明,有关专业实践范围的政策决策对儿童获得心理健康护理的机会有着切实的影响.
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