怀孕期间母亲的烟草使用和儿童神经认知发展
Troy B Puga1,2, Hongying Daisy Dai1, Yingying Wang3
1College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.
JAMA network open
|February 13, 2024
概括
怀孕期间母亲吸烟 (MTDP) 与儿童持久的神经认知缺陷有关. 这项研究发现,在暴露于MTDP的儿童中,认知得分较低,大脑区域较小.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 孕妇在怀孕期间吸烟 (MTDP) 是一个全球性问题.
- 关于MTDP对儿童神经认知的影响的纵向数据有限.
- 了解这些影响对于早期干预和预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查怀孕期间母亲吸烟 (MTDP) 与9至12岁儿童神经认知发育之间的联系.
- 为了确定受产前烟雾暴露影响的特定认知功能和大脑结构.
- 为MTDP的持久影响提供纵向证据.
主要方法:
- 使用青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究的数据,采用了一个队列研究设计.
- 基线9-10岁的儿童 (第1波) 被跟踪2年.
- 使用NIH工具箱认知电池评估神经认知,并使用结构磁共振成像 (sMRI) 分析大脑结构.
主要成果:
- 怀孕期间母亲吸烟 (MTDP) 的儿童在口头阅读识别,图片序列记忆和图片词汇中得分明显较低.
- 这些认知缺陷在2年随访期间仍然存在.
- 结构性MRI揭示了MTDP儿童在特定大脑区域的皮层区域和体积较小,包括前中心,下侧壁和内腔区域.
结论:
- 怀孕期间母亲吸烟 (MTDP) 与儿童持久的神经认知缺陷有关.
- 产前吸烟会影响认知能力和大脑结构.
- 建议进行进一步的研究,以探索MTDP,认知技能和记忆之间的联系.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Teratogenicity
2.4K
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
2.4K
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
68
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
68
Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics
285
Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla. Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla. Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
285
CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine
209
Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
209


