基于植物的饮食模式和发生糖尿病在社区动脉样硬化风险 (ARIC) 研究 (ARIC) 研究
Valerie K Sullivan1,2, Hyunju Kim1,2, Laura E Caulfield3
1Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Diabetes care
|February 13, 2024
概括
坚持以植物为基础的饮食,富含植物性食物,低含动物产品,与降低糖尿病风险有关. 这种饮食模式对成人糖尿病预防有前途.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 预防慢性疾病 预防慢性疾病
背景情况:
- 基于植物的饮食越来越多地被认为具有健康益处.
- 了解这些饮食对糖尿病等慢性疾病的影响至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,关于植物性饮食和糖尿病风险的结果是不同的.
研究的目的:
- 调查植物性饮食模式与糖尿病发病率之间的关联.
- 检查植物性饮食的不同方面,包括整体,健康和不健康的模式.
- 分析这些关联在美国黑人和白人成年人的多元样本中.
主要方法:
- 利用了社区动脉样硬化风险研究 (ARIC) 的数据,其中包括11,965名中年成人没有基线糖尿病.
- 使用食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量,并使用三个指数计算坚持基于植物的饮食:PDI,hPDI和UPDI.
- 采用考克斯回归分析来确定22年的中位数随访期间发生糖尿病的危险比率.
主要成果:
- 对总体植物性饮食指数 (PDI) 的更高遵守与患糖尿病的风险显著降低有关 (HR 0.89,Ptrend = 0.01).
- 更大的健康植物食品 (hPDI) 摄入量也显示出与糖尿病风险的强烈反向关联 (HR 0.85,Ptrend < 0.001).
- 在不健康的植物性饮食指数 (uPDI) 和糖尿病风险之间没有发现显著的关联.
结论:
- 强调植物性食物和尽量减少来自动物的食物的饮食模式可以有效地降低患2型糖尿病的风险.
- 促进健康的植物性饮食模式可能是预防糖尿病的关键策略.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索健康的植物性饮食的特定成分,这些成分可以提供预防糖尿病的保护.
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