直接向消费者提供医疗保健的伦理问题:范围审查
Ashwini Nagappan1,2, Louiza Kalokairinou2,3, Anna Wexler2
1Department of Health Policy and Management, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America.
PLOS digital health
|February 13, 2024
概括
直接面向消费者 (DTC) 的医疗保健产品和服务引发了诸如监管和安全等伦理问题. 本综述综合了这些问题跨越多个DTC健康部门,强调了跨学科解决方案的需要.
科学领域:
- 卫生道德 卫生道德
- 医疗保健政策 医疗保健政策
- 消费者健康 消费者健康
背景情况:
- 直接向消费者 (DTC) 的医疗保健模式正在迅速扩大.
- 关于DTC医疗保健的伦理学术研究已经被医疗专业分散.
- 缺乏对DTC医疗保健道德挑战的全面概述.
研究的目的:
- 进行关于DTC医疗保健产品和服务的学术文献中伦理问题的范围审查.
- 识别和分类各种DTC医疗保健领域的伦理问题.
- 综合发现,为未来的政策和跨学科对话提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和谷歌学者 (2011-2021) 上进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括86篇论文,讨论DTC医疗保健中的伦理问题.
- 编码出版物的伦理问题,DTC产品/服务类型,研究类型,年份和地理位置.
主要成果:
- DTC医疗保健产品/服务涵盖神经技术,测试,面对面服务,数字健康,远程医疗和物理干预.
- 支持DTC医疗保健的关键道德论点包括改善了访问,自主性和便利性.
- 主要的伦理问题包括缺乏监管,可疑的有效性/质量,安全性,误导性广告和隐私.
结论:
- 在DTC医疗保健中跨界的伦理问题需要统一的方法.
- 应对挑战需要加强跨学科的沟通和合作.
- 政策制定必须考虑DTC医疗保健的多方面的伦理格局.
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