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在夏季的景观变化中,两个大型食草动物之间使用eDNA元编码的基层重叠

Eduard Mas-Carrió¹, Marcin Churski², Dries Kuijper²

¹Department of Ecology and Evolution, Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

|February 13, 2024

概括

景观的变化显著影响草食动物的饮食和利基的重叠. 掠食风险改变了红鹿的饮食,而息地质量影响了欧洲野牛的饮食,这凸显了需要在食用生态学研究中考虑环境因素的必要性.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
动物学动物学
保护生物学保护生物学

背景情况:

了解物种养策略 (营养生态) 对环境管理至关重要.
量化饮食成分揭示了物种的环境使用和利基的重叠.
之前的研究往往忽略了景观变化的影响在草食动物的饮食.

研究的目的:

探索景观变化如何影响饮食组成,以及红鹿 (Cervus elaphus) 和欧洲野牛 (Bison bonasus) 中的利基重叠.
调查息地质量和掠食风险对这些大型草食动物的饮食组成和利基区分的影响.

主要方法:

利用eDNA元编码量化红鹿和欧洲野牛的植物成分.
在Bialowieza森林中分析了与息地质量 (叶丰富) 和掠食风险 (狼密度) 相关的饮食数据.

主要成果:

两种物种的饮食成分在整个景观中都有很大的差异.
红鹿的饮食变化更大,与野牛相比,物种内重叠较低.
增加的掠食风险导致红鹿的利基重叠减少,饮食更加不相似,这表明由于狼的存在导致的行为变化.
更高的息地质量与增加的利基重叠只在野牛中相关,可能是由于它们的浏览策略.

结论:

种类的饮食成分在各个景观中不均,并受到环境因素的影响.
掠食风险和息地质量在塑造大型食草动物的食物源生态和利基区分方面发挥着独特的作用.
整合环境诱导的饮食变化对于准确评估景观使用和生态研究中的利基重叠至关重要.

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