青年精英篮球运动员相对年龄,成熟相关特征和运动表现的选择依赖差异
Daniel Leyhr1, David Rösch1, Sean P Cumming2
1Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen.
Research quarterly for exercise and sport
|February 13, 2024
概括
相对年龄和生物成熟显著影响青年精英篮球运动员的选择,有利于早产和早成熟的运动员. 教练必须考虑这些因素,以确保公平的人才识别,避免预选偏见.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人才识别 人才识别
- 青年体育发展 青少年体育发展
背景情况:
- 在青年精英体育运动中,人才选择是复杂的,潜在的偏见会影响结果.
- 相对年龄和生物成熟是可以影响表现和选择的已知因素.
- 了解这些影响对于篮球中公平的人才识别过程至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查相对年龄,成熟和运动表现对青年精英篮球人才选择的影响.
- 分析区域和国家层面的人才识别的选择偏见.
- 为教练提供有关评估球员潜力和表现的见解.
主要方法:
- 在68名男性青少年篮球运动员中评估了相对年龄,成熟变量 (身高,体重,成熟度偏移/时机) 和运动性能 (跳跃,敏捷性,冲刺).
- 利用单个样本的t测试来确定区域一级的预选偏差.
- 采用独立样本t测试和后勤回归来比较国家队中选出的与未选出的球员.
主要成果:
- 在区域一级确认了强烈的预选偏见,有利于早产和早成熟的球员.
- 被选中的玩家在身高,体重,到期偏移和到期时间方面表现出显著优势.
- 在选定的玩家中,只有反运动跳跃的表现明显更好;在控制年龄和成熟时,运动技能没有显著地区分选择状态.
结论:
- 相对的年龄和生物成熟显著影响了青少年精英篮球中的人才选择.
- 各级教练 (俱乐部,区域,国家) 需要提高对这些因素的认识.
- 更公平的评估需要考虑超越当前绩效的潜力,考虑成熟期和出生日期.
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