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David O H Hug¹, Alida Kropf², Marine O Amann²

¹National Centre for Vector Entomology, Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse and Medical Faculty, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Scientific reports

|February 13, 2024

概括

蚊子进化到更温暖的温度,在炎热的条件下花费的时间更少,这影响了它们传播疾病的能力. 这项研究对于预测随着气候变化的蚊子传播疾病至关重要.

科学领域:

* 生态科学生态科学
* 流行病学流行病学
* 进化生物学进化生物学

背景情况:

*温度显著影响蚊子的生命周期和病原体的发展,推动蚊子传播疾病的动态.
* 蚊子根据热偏好选择微生物息地,影响疾病传播.
*蚊子在进化时间尺度上适应它们的热偏好,特别是为了应对气候变化,蚊子的潜力仍未得到充分研究.

研究的目的:

* 为了研究Aedes aegypti蚊子热偏好的进化适应.
*为了区分长期进化与短期适应对蚊子热行为的影响.
* 评估变化的热偏好如何影响向量效率在全球温度变化的背景下.

主要方法:

* 在两种不同的温度 (24°C和30°C) 下,在20代的时间里培养了6个Aedes aegypti蚊子队伍.
* 评估热偏好,使用控制的温度梯度,范围从20°C到35°C.
*分析行为反应,以将进化变化与适应效应分开.

主要成果:

* 蚊子在更高的温度 (30°C) 中进化,与对照组相比,在高温下花费的时间显著减少 (31.5%).
*实验进化,而不是适应,被确定为改变热偏好的主要驱动因素.
*热偏好的变化直接影响蚊子作为病媒的适用性.

结论:

* Aedes aegypti 蚊子可以根据持续的温度变化而发展出改变的热偏好.
*热行为中的这些进化转变对载体能力和疾病传播潜力有直接影响.
*将进化微息地选择纳入疾病传播模型对于准确的风险评估至关重要,特别是在气候变化情景下.

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