在急性护理设施中与呼吸道病毒相关的发生率和传播:一项观察性研究
Abby L Valek1, Vatsala Rangachar Srinivasa2,3, Ashley M Ayres1
1Department of Infection Prevention and Control, UPMC Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Infection control and hospital epidemiology
|February 14, 2024
概括
在COVID-19之前,呼吸道病毒的传播很常见,超过22%的测试结果呈阳性. 医院获得的感染和传染集群经常与特定的病毒 (如犀利病毒和流感) 相关.
科学领域:
- 临床微生物学 临床微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 了解疫情前的呼吸道病毒传播对于公共卫生准备至关重要.
- 医院感染 (HAI) 对医疗保健系统构成重大负担.
- 识别常见的呼吸道病原体和传播模式为感染控制策略提供了信息.
研究的目的:
- 在COVID-19前三个季节的医疗保健环境中量化呼吸道病毒检测的流行率和模式.
- 估计可归因于医院获得感染的呼吸道病毒检测比例.
- 识别与传播集群相关的最常见的呼吸道病毒.
主要方法:
- 对16273个呼吸道病毒检测的回顾性分析,这些检测是在三个大流行前的季节进行的.
- 计算每次检测至少检测一个呼吸道病毒的频率.
- 对特定病毒的医院感染率的估计和传播集群的识别.
主要成果:
- 总共有22.9% (3,726) 的测试检测到至少一个呼吸道病毒.
- 住院感染的频率因病毒而异,从流感A/B的6.9%到腺病毒的24.7%.
- 鼻病毒/肠病毒 (70个群体) 和流感A/B (62个群体) 是最常见的与传播群体相关的病毒.
结论:
- 在COVID-19大流行之前,在医疗机构中经常检测到呼吸道病毒.
- 在医院获得的呼吸道病毒感染是一个值得关注的问题,不同病原体之间存在显著的差异.
- 鼻病毒/肠病毒和流感A/B是传播集群的关键驱动因素,突出了感染控制的目标.
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