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相关概念视频

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Structure of a Gene01:30

Structure of a Gene

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A gene is the fundamental unit of heredity. Every individual has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent. Although most people contain the same genes, there is a small fraction that is slightly different amongst people. A gene with a small difference in its sequence of DNA bases forms different alleles, contributing to different phenotypes.
However, only 1% of the DNA is composed of genes that encode proteins; the rest, 99% is non-coding DNA. This non-coding DNA performs...
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Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

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Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Reporter Genes02:11

Reporter Genes

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Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
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A Multilayer Microfluidic Platform for the Conduction of Prolonged Cell-Free Gene Expression
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从合成单细胞表达模式解读监管架构.

Rosalind Wenshan Pan1, Tom Röschinger1, Kian Faizi1

  • 1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.

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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

为大规模并行报告员测定 (MPRA) 开发理论框架可以提高对基因调节的理解. 这项工作模拟了MPRA输出,以改进实验设计并解释基因组调节的序列-表型关系.

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科学领域:

  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 系统生物学 系统生物学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 大多数被测序基因的基因调节机制仍然在很大程度上是未知的.
  • 了解基因调节对于对生理和进化适应的定量分析至关重要.
  • 大规模并行记者测试 (MPRA) 是研究转录组序列-表型关系的高通量方法.

研究的目的:

  • 为MPRAs开发一个"实验理论",以改善数据解释.
  • 调查生物和实验参数对MPRA结果的影响.
  • 为了能够创建精确的转录组的热力学模型.

主要方法:

  • 使用平衡和失平衡模型生成合成单细胞基因表达数据.
  • 模拟的MPRA总结统计,包括信息足迹和表达式转移矩阵.
  • 利用精细的热力学模型与能量矩阵推断调节架构.

主要成果:

  • 模拟显示了各种参数对MPRA数据的显著影响.
  • 证明了优化MPRA实验设计以获得基对特异性的能力.
  • 展示了检查突变表达特征映射的方法的实用性.

结论:

  • 开发的理论框架有助于优化MPRA设计和数据解释.
  • 这种方法有助于生成精确的热力学模型来调节基因.
  • 该方法支持通过分析突变对表达的影响来探索监管演变.