失败下调PI3K信号使自动反应性B细胞对旁观者T细胞敏感
Brigita E Fiske1, Andrew Getahun1,2
1Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|February 14, 2024
概括
T细胞的帮助对于自身抗体的产生至关重要,即使在B细胞耐受性失败时也是如此. 自主反应性B细胞中升级的PI3K信号增强了与T细胞的合作,促进了自身抗体反应.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 这是一种自身免疫力.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 没有完全理解T细胞在自身抗体生成中的作用.
- 耐受性机制调节T细胞和B细胞的反应.
- 对于需要T细胞帮助的自身抗体反应,可能需要击败T细胞和B细胞耐受性.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定自身反应性B细胞是否需要T细胞来产生自身抗体.
- 研究T细胞在小鼠自身抗体反应中的作用.
- 分析因B细胞特异性急性缺失调节性酸酶而产生的自身抗体反应.
主要方法:
- 研究了B细胞中与调节性酸酶 (SHP-1,SHIP-1,PTEN) 急性缺失的小鼠自身抗体反应.
- 研究了 CD40-CD40L 相互作用的需求,以支持自身抗体反应.
- 评估了旁观者T细胞在不同失败B细胞耐受性模型中的帮助作用.
主要成果:
- CD40-CD40L相互作用对于B细胞的自身抗体反应至关重要,因为B细胞的能量受损.
- 当PI3K信号因负调节失败而上调时,旁观者T细胞提供了足够的帮助.
- 由SHP-1删除驱动的自身抗体反应也需要T细胞,但旁观者T细胞的帮助是不够的.
结论:
- 自主反应性B细胞中PI3K信号的升级促进了自身抗体反应,通过增加与非同源性T细胞的合作,帮助改变BCR信号.
- 接受旁观者T细胞的帮助,使自反应性B细胞能够绕过T细胞的耐受性.
- 这些发现揭示了自身免疫中自身抗体产生背后的机制.
更多相关视频
11:06Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation
Published on: September 20, 2017
6.2K
07:39Intracellular Phosphoflow Cytometry of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient-Derived Xenotransplants
Published on: June 6, 2025
95
相关概念视频
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
3.6K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
3.6K
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
8.9K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
8.9K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
3.8K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.8K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.5K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.5K
Negative Regulator Molecules
35.4K
Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.
35.4K
Abnormal Proliferation
4.5K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.5K
