环境PM2.5和生产率调整后生命年损失在巴西:一个基于全国人口的研究
Bo Wen1, Zanfina Ademi2, Yao Wu1
1Climate, Air Quality Research (CARE) Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Level 2, 553 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Journal of hazardous materials
|February 14, 2024
概括
细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 造成的空气污染大大降低了巴西的劳动生产率,造成了数十亿美元的经济损失. 满足空气质量指南可以防止超过一半的生产力损失.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 空气污染对全球健康造成重大负担,影响越来越大.
- 空气污染对经济的影响,特别是对劳动生产率的影响,在人口层面上仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估巴西因PM2.5暴露而导致的过早死亡与生产力调整后生命年 (PALYs) 的损失之间的关联.
- 量化PM2.5引起的生产力损失所造成的经济成本.
主要方法:
- 使用一种新的差异差异 (DID) 方法.
- 从2000年至2019年,分析了巴西2000年至2019年的日常所有原因死亡率数据.
- 计算了每增加10μg/m3的PM2.5.5的PALY损失和相关经济成本.
主要成果:
- 在PM2.5中增加10μg/m3与失去PALY的5.11%上升有关.
- 暴露于PM2.5造成了9,219,995 PALY的损失和26805亿美元的经济成本.
- 达到世卫组织空气质量指导方针可以防止5,005,306 PALYs丢失.
结论:
- 环境PM2.5暴露对巴西的劳动生产率产生了重大影响,导致了相当大的经济损失.
- 将PM2.5水平降低至世卫组织推的指导方针,可以减轻这一负担的很大一部分.
- 调查结果强调需要空气污染减缓战略,以减少经济影响.
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