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评估基于自然的解决方案的潜力,以恢复农田的土壤生态系统服务

Humberto Blanco-Canqui¹

¹Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 1875 N. 38th Street, Lincoln, NE 68583, United States of America.

The Science of the total environment

|February 14, 2024

概括

农田中的基于自然的解决方案 (NBS),如草和农林,增强土壤碳捕获和生态系统服务. 基于多年植被的NBS在土壤健康和气候适应方面比一年生作物系统更有前途.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
环境科学环境科学
土壤科学土壤科学

背景情况:

土壤生态系统服务正在下降,需要创新的方法.
提出了以自然为基础的解决方案 (NBS),以恢复农业系统中的土壤健康.
农田NBS的有效性需要进一步调查.

研究的目的:

审查各种NBS在耕地中的潜力.
评估NBS对土壤生态系统服务的影响,包括碳捕集和水质.
确定与农业中NBS采用相关的挑战.

主要方法:

在耕地中的NBS文献综述:草原条,草缓冲区,农业林业,覆盖作物和有机系统.
分析NBS对温室气体排放,土壤碳 (C) 封存,水和空气质量,生物多样性和气候适应的影响.
对不同NBS方法的疗效进行比较.

主要成果:

草原缓冲区,草原带和农业林业等NBS显著改善土壤C积累,减少侵蚀和营养损失,增强生物多样性,并帮助气候适应.
基于多年生植被的NBS比基于一年生作物的系统更有效.
土壤特异性C积累率:缓冲区和农林业 (1.0 Mg C ha-1 yr-1) > 覆盖作物和有机系统 (<0.5 Mg C ha-1 yr-1).

结论:

国家基准系统可以有效地平衡环境质量和作物生产.
挑战包括短期变量影响,浅层碳积累和有限的政策支持.
国家基层系统为改善土壤生态系统服务和农田气候变化适应提供了可行的战略.

关键词:

生物多样性生物多样性碳封存是一种碳封存方式.温室气体排放量排放量温室气体排放量基于自然的解决方案土壤生态系统服务水和空气质量水和空气质量

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