前额叶皮质的简短实时fNIRS信息的神经反训练在随后的工作记忆挑战期间改变了大脑活动和连接性
Xi Yang1, Yixu Zeng2, Guojuan Jiao2
1The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
|February 14, 2024
概括
功能性近红外光谱神经反 (fNIRS-NF) 训练个人控制大脑活动在背侧前额皮层 (DLPFC). 这种训练可以提高与工作记忆 (WM) 相关的神经功能,即使没有持续的反.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 大脑与计算机的接口
背景情况:
- 工作记忆 (WM) 对认知至关重要,其障碍与精神障碍有关.
- 功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 实时神经反 (NF) 显示了增加背侧前额皮层 (DLPFC) 活动的潜力.
- 评估fNIRS-NF收益转移到神经和行为性WM增强而没有反对于临床应用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查左侧DLPFC的单次fNIRS-NF是否会导致工作记忆中持续的神经和行为改善.
- 通过使用功能性MRI (fMRI) 检查在随后的工作记忆任务中与成功获得fNIRS-NF相关的神经变化.
- 评估学习的神经自我调节对工作记忆表现和大脑活动模式的可转移性,而无需实时反.
主要方法:
- 采用了62名参与者的随机模拟控制设计.
- 参与者接受了针对左侧DLPFC的fNIRS-NF单次会议.
- 在随后的WM挑战中评估了工作记忆 (WM) 性能和大脑活动 (fMRI).
主要成果:
- fNIRS-NF组成功地增加了左侧DLPFC活动,证明了神经自我调节.
- 在挑战期间,在NF和假组之间没有发现WM表现的显著差异.
- fMRI显示,与假药相比,NF组的双边DLPFC活动增加,左侧DLPFC-左前胰连接性降低.
结论:
- 健康的个体可以学会通过fNIRS-NF在一次会议中自愿增加左DLPFC活动.
- 成功的fNIRS-NF转化为改变神经激活和连接在WM任务期间,即使没有反.
- fNIRS-NF是一个有希望的,可扩展的干预措施,用于增强工作记忆,适用于各种精神障碍.
相关概念视频
01:35Long-term Potentiation
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
01:01Neuroplasticity
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.