听觉体验延迟导致过去时的产生困难和耳植入器的儿童的工作记忆缺陷:与发展性语言障碍的儿童进行比较
A Delcenserie1, F Genesee2, F Champoux1
1Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Neuropsychologia
|February 14, 2024
概括
带有耳植入器 (CI) 的聋子儿童和发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童表现出类似的形态语法挑战,特别是在过去时的动词中. 这项研究发现,患有CI的聋子儿童的表现比患有DLD的儿童要差,这凸显了需要进行受控比较的必要性.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
背景情况:
- 对于非典型语言发育的儿童来说,Morphosyntax带来了重大挑战,包括带有耳植入器 (CI) 的聋子儿童和发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童.
- 此前这些群体之间的比较已经产生了不确定的结果,可能是由于方法上的局限性和聋人CI人口的异质性.
- 过去时的标记是法语中DLD的已知指标,对于患有CI的聋子儿童来说也具有挑战性,与工作记忆 (WM) 和听觉处理有关.
研究的目的:
- 直接比较过去时代标记能力的聋子儿童与CI和儿童与DLD.
- 在这些群体中,研究过去时代动词产生与语音和非语言工作记忆 (WM) 之间的关系.
- 控制关键变量,包括年龄,性别,社会经济地位 (SES) 和基本认知能力.
主要方法:
- 对15名患有CI的聋子儿童 (5-7岁),15名患有DLD的儿童和15名典型发展单语言对照者 (MON) 进行过时诱导任务.
- 对所有参与者的语音和非语言WM能力进行了评估.
- 参与者在关键变量上被匹配,以确保可靠的比较.
主要成果:
- 患有CI的聋子儿童和患有DLD的儿童在过去时的诱导任务中表现明显低于MON对照组.
- 首次,患有CI的聋子儿童在这个任务上表现明显低于DLD儿童,这强调了方法控制的重要性.
- 在聋人CI和DLD组中,在过去时的表现和声学/非语言WM能力之间观察到显著的相关性.
结论:
- 在法语中,过去时代动词的困难可能是非典型语言学习的相关现象,而不是仅仅是DLD的标志.
- 这项研究提供了证据,早期非典型的语言体验与语言和工作记忆的缺陷有关,包括形态语法挑战.
- 这些发现凸显了在比较具有非典型语言发育的不同人群时,严格的方法控制的必要性.
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