北卡罗来纳州25年职业杀人死亡率趋势:1992-2017年
Chelsea L Martin1,2, David Richardson3, Morgan Richey4
1Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA martinlc@unc.edu.
概括
北卡罗来纳州的职业杀人率有所下降,但老年人,少数民族和自雇工人之间仍然存在差异. 出租车司机面临的风险最高,尽管随着时间的推移,费率有所下降.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业安全 在职业安全.
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 了解职业杀人行为对于预防策略至关重要.
- 检查受害者与事者的关系以及行业数据为有针对性的干预提供了信息.
研究的目的:
- 分析1992-2017年在北卡罗来纳州 (NC) 的职业杀人率.
- 识别高风险行业和人口群体,以进行有针对性的预防.
主要方法:
- 数据来源于NC首席法医和死亡证明.
- 每10万个工年 (w-y) 的计算粗略和年龄标准化杀人率.
- 根据受害者的特点,行业和犯罪者关系分析了趋势,率比和信心区间.
主要成果:
- 观察到456个职业杀人事件超过111,573,049 w-y.
- 率从0.82 (1992-1995) 下降到0.21 (2011-2015) 每10万 w-y,上升到0.32 (2016-2017) 的时间.
- 出租车司机的职业杀人率是北卡罗来纳州的110倍;55%是由陌生人实施的. 在老年人,少数民族和自雇工人中发现了差异.
结论:
- 确定了具有高职业杀人死亡率的特定行业和工人人口统计数据.
- 建议针对弱势群体和行业制定有针对性的缓解策略.
- 强调需要根据详细的风险分析进行量身定制的预防工作.
相关概念视频
01:21Cancer Survival Analysis
346
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
346
01:20Actuarial Approach
78
The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
78
01:11Hazard Rate
108
The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
108
02:20Longitudinal Research
12.0K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
12.0K
02:07Conservation of Declining Populations
9.6K
Conservation of declining population focuses on ways of detecting, diagnosing, and halting a population decline. The approach uses methods to prevent populations from going extinct.
9.6K
01:28Current Trends in Nursing I
1.5K
Current trends in nursing include:
1.5K